永磁同步电机驱动电梯的秤补技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 12:55

本文选题：永磁同步曳引机 + 重量补偿　；参考：《上海交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：现今电梯市场竞争激烈,使得人们对电梯产品的舒适度、运营成本和能耗等性能提出了苛刻的要求,电梯需要在这几方面都达到较高的要求。现有客梯为了改善起动性能大多安装了轿厢质量传感器,以使电机平稳运行,并可以提供电梯调度信息。然而质量传感器不仅增加了电梯的采购和安装成本,而且为保证其性能需要定期维护和调整。这进一步提高了电梯的运营成本,降低了系统的可靠性。另一方面,目前交流永磁同步电机广泛应用于电梯曳引,其特性是输出力矩可直接在交轴电流中得到反映,因此可通过测量电流的变化直接获知电梯的受力情况。本文针对永磁同步电机的特性,提出了一种电梯重量补偿技术,通过电梯加速度和电流的变化识别电梯负载并改变起动电流,以取代质量传感器,在保持运行平稳性的同时降低电梯采购与运营成本。本文首先结合电梯的运动特性建立了电梯起动的力学模型,再根据永磁同步电机的特性得出理想补偿力以及交轴电流的对应关系,在此指导下设计了重量补偿的算法。仿真和实验结果表明,负载变化最显著影响起动时的加速度,而该补偿方法可有效的识别电梯质量,抑制电梯启动/制动中的加速度波动,近似达到安装质量传感器的效果。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the fierce competition in elevator market makes people put forward harsh requirements on the performance of elevator products, such as comfort, operating cost and energy consumption, and elevators need to meet higher requirements in these aspects. In order to improve the starting performance of passenger ladders most of the car mass sensors are installed to make the motor run smoothly and to provide elevator dispatching information. However, the mass sensor not only increases the cost of purchasing and installing the elevator, but also needs to be maintained and adjusted regularly to ensure its performance. This further increases the elevator operating costs and reduces the reliability of the system. On the other hand, the AC permanent magnet synchronous motor is widely used in elevator traction, its characteristic is that the output torque can be directly reflected in the current of the shaft, so the force situation of the elevator can be directly obtained by measuring the change of the current. In this paper, according to the characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), an elevator weight compensation technique is proposed to identify the elevator load and change the starting current by changing the acceleration and current of the elevator, so as to replace the mass sensor. At the same time to maintain smooth operation while reducing elevator procurement and operating costs. In this paper, the mechanical model of elevator starting is established based on the kinematic characteristics of elevator. Then, according to the characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motor, the ideal compensation force and the corresponding relation of cross-axis current are obtained. Under this guidance, the weight compensation algorithm is designed. The simulation and experimental results show that the load change has the most significant effect on the acceleration when starting, and the compensation method can effectively identify the elevator mass, restrain the acceleration fluctuation in the starting / braking of the elevator, and approximately achieve the effect of installing the mass sensor.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM341;TU857

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