聚烯烃纤维电池隔膜纸结构及成纸性能的研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 20:40

本文选题：电池隔膜纸 + ES纤维　；参考：《齐鲁工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着科学和技术的飞速发展,电池在人们生活中应用的逐步增加,高性能电池研发和制造逐渐被人们的关注,电池隔膜纸的性能是评价电池品质的关键指标。本论文主要对聚烯烃纤维及电池隔膜纸的结构和性能进行了研究,以聚烯烃纤维为主体材料,采用传统造纸方法为基础并结合湿法无纺布的生产工艺,来生产高匀度、高质量的电池隔膜纸。通过对ES纤维进行研究分析得出：ES纤维平均长度为5.415mm,平均宽度为16.11um；在SEM的观察下可以发现纤维表面含有油脂类杂质,在使用前需要对纤维进行预处理；在室温25℃、相对湿度65%的环境下,通过研究纤维对水的吸附量得出,ES纤维的吸水率较小,亲水性能差,仅为0.028%；ES纤维有较好的耐酸碱液腐蚀的性能,在碱性条件下的失重率基本不超过3%；而在酸性条件下纤维容易被腐蚀,表面容易呈现粗糙化,但是失重率不超过10%,相比较于其他植物纤维和无机纤维,ES纤维具有较强的抗酸碱腐蚀的能力。由于聚烯烃纤维的亲水性较差,纤维本身长度比较长且在水中难分散,为了提高电池隔膜纸的成纸匀度等指标,本文针对如何改善ES纤维在水中的分散性能进行了深入性的研究。实验得出纤维分散的基本工艺条件为：ES纤维先采用十二烷基苯磺酸钠进行预处理,干燥后配成浓度为0.04%的悬浮液且疏解时间为2min；水溶性高分子和无机电解质都可以改善纤维网状结构的匀度,最终选定采用浓度为0.3%的PEO加入ES纤维悬浮体系中；表面活性剂的添加可以让ES纤维的单根分散效果变得很好,且脂肪醇醚硫酸钠比十二烷基硫酸钠作用效果较好,当AES用量为4%时,不论是单根纤维的分散效果和纤维网状结构的匀度都比较好；采用质量分数为98%的浓硫酸对ES纤维进行磺化处理,因为纤维表面接枝了大量的-S04H基团,增加了纤维的亲水性能,使纤维在水中的分散性能提高。为了提高电池隔膜纸的强度和吸碱性能,实验探究出纸张最佳热压温度为135℃,因为纤维之间形成了多接触点的熔融结合,使纸页强度得到一定得提升,孔径分布良好且对纸张的吸碱高度和吸碱率都有较好的影响；当消泡剂加入量为0.03%时,对悬浮液中气泡起到一定的抑制作用；在纤维悬浮液中添加10%的PAC溶液效果较好,通过胶黏剂的附着作用,加固了其点状或者团状的结合,更好的提高了电池隔膜纸的抗张强度,达到37.4 Nm/g；加入替换量10%的PVA纤维,其平均长度为5.350mm,宽度为15.8um,因为和ES纤维形成了坚固的“电焊”结构,纤维之间的“焊接点”的数量增加,纸张各项性能指标相对较高,其中抗张强度可以达到45.2 Nm/g,碱溶出率为3.62%及吸碱高度57.1mm/10min。采用浓硫酸电池隔膜纸进行磺化处理,处理后的纸张表面逐渐的引入了亲水基团,亲水性得到了提高,使用质量分数为98%的浓硫酸磺化处理10min后的纸张,其中抗张强度可以达到52.2 Nm/g,吸碱率为595%及吸碱高度57.8mm/10min。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of science and technology, the application of battery in people's life is increasing gradually. The research and manufacture of high performance battery has gradually been paid attention to. The performance of the battery diaphragm paper is the key index to evaluate the quality of the battery. This paper mainly studies the structure and performance of polyolefin fiber and battery diaphragm paper, with polyolefin fiber. As the main material, it is based on the traditional paper making method and combined with the production process of wet process non-woven fabric to produce high evenness and high quality battery diaphragm. Through the research and analysis of ES fiber, the average length of ES fiber is 5.415mm and the average width is 16.11um. Under the observation of SEM, it can be found that the fiber surface contains oil clutter. Before use, the fiber should be pretreated. Under the environment of 25 C at room temperature and 65% of relative humidity, by studying the adsorption of fiber to water, the water absorption rate of ES fiber is smaller and the hydrophilic property is only 0.028%; ES fiber has good corrosion resistance to acid alkaline solution, and the weight loss rate under alkaline conditions is not more than 3%; and Under acidic conditions, the fiber is easy to be corroded and the surface tends to be rough, but the weight loss rate is not more than 10%. Compared with other plant fiber and inorganic fiber, ES fiber has a strong ability to resist acid and alkali corrosion. Because of the poor hydrophilicity of polyolefin fibers, the fiber itself is long and is difficult to disperse in water. The paper makes a thorough study on how to improve the dispersibility of ES fibers in water. The basic technological conditions for the dispersion of fiber are as follows: ES fiber is pretreated with twelve alkylbenzene sulfonate, after drying, the concentration is 0.04%, and the dissolution time is 2min; the water solubility is soluble. Both polymer and inorganic electrolytes can improve the evenness of the fiber network structure. Finally, the concentration of 0.3% PEO is selected to be added to the ES fiber suspension system. The addition of surfactant can make the single dispersion effect of ES fiber better, and the effect of fatty alcohol ether sodium sulfate is better than that of twelve alkyl sodium sulfate, when the dosage of AES is 4%. The dispersion effect of single fiber and the evenness of fiber reticulation are better, the ES fiber is sulfonated with concentrated sulfuric acid with mass fraction of 98%, because a large number of -S04H groups are grafted on the surface of the fiber, the hydrophilic property of the fiber is increased and the dispersion property of the fiber in water is increased. In order to improve the battery diaphragm paper. The strength and alkali absorption properties of the paper are investigated. The optimum hot pressing temperature of paper is 135, because the fusion of multi contact points is formed between the fibers, the strength of the paper is improved, the distribution of the pore size is good and the alkali absorption and alkali absorption of the paper have a good effect. When the amount of defoaming agent is 0.03%, the medium gas in the suspension is in the medium. The addition of 10% PAC solution in the fibrous suspension is better. The adhesion of the adhesive is used to reinforce the dot or mass combination, which improves the tensile strength of the battery diaphragm and reaches 37.4 Nm/g. The average length of the PVA fiber with the replacement amount of 10% is 5.350mm and the width is 15.8um, Because of the strong "welding" structure formed with the ES fiber, the number of "welding points" between the fibers is increased, the performance index of paper is relatively high, of which the tensile strength can reach 45.2 Nm/g, the alkali dissolution rate is 3.62% and the alkali absorption height 57.1mm/10min. is sulfonated by the membrane paper of concentrated sulfuric acid battery, the treated paper surface The hydrophilic group was gradually introduced, and the hydrophilicity was improved. The paper was treated by sulfonated sulphuric acid 10min with a mass fraction of 98%. The tensile strength of the paper was 52.2 Nm/g, the alkali absorption rate was 595% and the alkali absorption height was 57.8mm/10min..
【学位授予单位】：齐鲁工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM910.3

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