分布式光伏发电在冬暖式大棚的应用

发布时间：2018-06-02 00:53

本文选题：冬暖式蔬菜大棚 + 太阳能　；参考：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着人类社会经济的快速发展,能源短缺和环境污染成为当今世界面临的两大挑战。太阳能资源丰富,分布广泛,开发利用前景广阔。太阳能发电作为太阳能利用的重要方式,已经得到世界各国的普遍关注[1]。在目前的技术条件下,太阳能的利用主要有两个方面,一是直接利用太阳光的热能,冬暖式蔬菜大棚就是直接利用太阳光的热能的简单形式；二是利用半导体材料的光伏效应发电。本文主要讨论对这两种太阳能利用方式的结合使用。冬暖式蔬菜大棚是我国北方特别是山东地区得到广泛应用的蔬菜种植技术。利用泥土、空心砖等保温性能较好的建筑材料建造围墙,利用塑料薄膜作为透光、保温、保湿、阻风的材料,充分利用冬季太阳辐射的热能,在冬季寒冷天气等恶劣环境下,在塑料大棚造成的封闭空间内,充分吸收利用太阳光的热能,提高大棚内的温度,防止外界的冰雪、低温等对蔬菜造成的损害,为大棚内的蔬菜植物提供良好的生长环境。分布式太阳能光伏发电产生电能的原理是将特定的半导体材料制成太阳能光伏电池,利用光伏电池的光生伏打效应,将太阳能直接转换为直流电能,然后通过必要的转换,成为适合不同的电力负荷要求的电源[2，，3]。根据太阳能光伏发电系统的规模及实际条件,可以配置蓄电池作为电能储存、电力供应平衡及短时负荷变化的缓冲,也可以通过光伏逆变器将太阳能光伏组件发出的直流电转换为交流电,并通过变压器进行电压变换,将太阳能光伏发电系统并入电网。将冬暖式蔬菜大棚和分布式光伏发电这两种得到广泛应用的太阳能利用方式结合起来,可以充分利用冬暖式蔬菜大棚区域的剩余空间,在保证蔬菜生产的同时,利用大棚区空闲外部空间太阳能进行发电,从而更加合理高效的利用土地,发挥综合效益。这种方式能够充分发挥空间优势,形成更加完整合理的太阳能利用方案,符合我国的能源发展战略,符合山东省能源产业政策。山东省作为冬暖式大棚大量推广使用的蔬菜生产地,这种利用模式具有很大的发展空间。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of human society and economy, energy shortage and environmental pollution have become two major challenges facing the world. The solar energy resources are abundant, the distribution is widespread, the development and utilization prospect is broad. As an important way of solar energy utilization, solar power generation has been paid more and more attention all over the world. Under the present technical conditions, the utilization of solar energy mainly has two aspects: one is the direct use of the heat energy of the sun, and the winter warm vegetable greenhouse is the simple form of the direct utilization of the heat energy of the sunlight; The second is to make use of the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor materials to generate electricity. This paper mainly discusses the combination of these two solar energy utilization methods. Winter warm vegetable greenhouse is a widely used vegetable planting technology in northern China, especially in Shandong province. Building walls with better insulation properties such as soil, hollow bricks, etc., using plastic film as materials for light transmission, heat preservation, moisture preservation and wind resistance, and making full use of the heat energy emitted by the sun in winter, in harsh conditions such as cold winter weather, etc. In the closed space caused by plastic shed, the heat energy of sunlight is absorbed fully, the temperature in the greenhouse is raised, the damage caused by the outside ice and snow, the low temperature and so on is prevented, and the good growing environment is provided for the vegetable plants in the greenhouse. The principle of distributed solar photovoltaic generation is to make solar photovoltaic cells from specific semiconductor materials, and convert solar energy directly into direct current energy by using photovoltaic effect of photovoltaic cells, and then convert solar energy directly into direct current energy through necessary conversion. Become a power source for different load requirements [2 / 3]. According to the scale and actual conditions of solar photovoltaic power generation system, batteries can be configured as buffers for energy storage, power supply balance and short-term load variation. The direct current generated by solar photovoltaic module can also be converted into alternating current by photovoltaic inverter, and the solar photovoltaic system can be integrated into the power grid by voltage conversion of transformer. The combination of winter warm vegetable greenhouse and distributed photovoltaic power generation can make full use of the remaining space in winter warm vegetable greenhouse area, and ensure the production of vegetables at the same time. In order to utilize land reasonably and efficiently, solar energy can be used to generate electricity by using solar energy in the spare outer space in the greenhouse area, so as to bring into full play the comprehensive benefit. This way can give full play to the space advantage, form a more complete and reasonable solar energy utilization plan, accord with the energy development strategy of our country, and accord with the energy industry policy of Shandong Province. Shandong Province, as a widely used vegetable production place in winter warm greenhouse, has great development space.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：S625;TM615

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