无刷直流电机驱动系统及其稳定性研究

发布时间：2018-06-11 14:55

本文选题：无刷直流电机 + 驱动系统　；参考：《华中科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：无刷直流电机(BLDCM)具有运行效率高、无励磁损耗以及调速性能好等优点,而且结构简单、运行可靠以及维修方便,因而在诸多领域中得到广泛应用。随着电力电子技术、微处理技术和新型控制理论的发展,以及永磁材料的发展和无刷直流电机的使用成本逐步降低,它在中小功率高性能调速电机以及军用民用伺服系统中的应用越来越广泛。同时对无刷直流电机的驱动系统、控制系统的性能指标和稳定性提出了更高的要求，解决无刷直流电机的驱动与控制性能不理想问题，包括无刷直流电机的功率模块以及驱动技术、全速域运行稳定性方法与实现，特别是有关干扰滤波问题，需要进一步的深入研究。本文首先对无刷直流电机的驱动系统进行了研究。在分析了无刷直流电机的结构和运行原理之后，提出了PWM调压调速的控制策略。然后分别对硬件系统的设计和软件系统的设计进行了介绍。其中硬件包括以DSP芯片为核心的控制电路，以整流、逆变为主要功能的驱动电路和检测保护电路三大部分。软件部分以定子换相和转速调节为主要功能，包括位置传感器信号的处理、转速的计算以及速度环与电流环的PI调节。另外还有电机启动等模块的介绍。在完成无刷直流电机驱动系统的设计之后，本文还提出了无刷直流电机驱动稳定性方面存在的问题，包括最低运行转速和转矩脉动的问题。随后提出了实现无刷直流电机最低转速的方法和转矩脉动的抑制策略。并对伺服系统中存在的干扰信号进行了分析，，提出了基于Freescale56800系列芯片的数字滤波器的解决方案。最后，针对之前设计的无刷直流电机驱动系统进行了实验测试。结果表明本驱动系统能驱动无刷直流电机正常运转。同时对数字滤波器的滤波效果进行了验证，表明数字滤波器能够有效抑制干扰信号。全文以无刷直流电机驱动系统为平台基础，对无刷直流电机的稳定性进行了探索，对于无刷直流电机的研究具有重大意义。
[Abstract]:Brushless DC motor (BLDCM) has the advantages of high efficiency, no excitation loss and good speed regulation performance. It has a simple structure, reliable operation and convenient maintenance, so it has been widely used in many fields. With the development of electric and electronic technology, micro processing technology and new control theory, the development of permanent magnetic materials and brushless DC The cost of the motor is gradually reduced. It is more and more widely used in the medium and small power high performance motor and the military civil servos. At the same time, the performance index and stability of the brushless DC motor drive system, the control system's performance index and stability are higher, and the performance of the brushless DC motor driving and controlling is not ideal. The questions, including the power module and the driving technology of the brushless DC motor, the method and Realization of the stability of the full speed field, especially the problem of interference filtering, need further research.
In this paper, the driving system of Brushless DC motor is studied at first. After analyzing the structure and operation principle of the brushless DC motor, the control strategy of PWM voltage regulation speed regulation is put forward. Then the design of hardware system and the design of software system are introduced respectively. The hardware includes the control circuit with DSP chip as the core. The main functions of the drive circuit and the detection and protection circuit are the main functions of the rectifier and the inverter. The main functions are the stator commutation and the speed regulation, including the processing of the signal of the position sensor, the calculation of the speed and the PI adjustment of the speed loop and the current ring. In addition, the introduction of the motor starting and other modules is also introduced.
After the design of the brushless DC motor drive system, the problems in the stability of the brushless DC motor drive, including the minimum operating speed and the torque ripple, are also proposed. Then the method to realize the minimum speed of the brushless DC motor and the suppression strategy of the torque pulse are put forward. The interference signal is analyzed, and the solution of digital filter based on Freescale56800 series chip is proposed.
Finally, the experimental test was carried out on the brushless DC motor drive system designed before. The results show that the drive system can drive the normal operation of the brushless DC motor. At the same time, the filtering effect of the digital filter is verified, which shows that the digital filter can effectively suppress the interference signal. The full text of the brushless DC motor drive system is flat. Based on the platform, the stability of Brushless DC motor is explored, which is of great significance for the research of Brushless DC motor.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM33

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