基于模糊PID控制的铅酸蓄电池充电研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 15:54

本文选题：铅酸蓄电池 + 充电　；参考：《兰州交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：铅酸蓄电池具有性价比高、大容量、安全性能可靠及原材料丰富等优点，，使其得到了越来越广泛的应用；近年来，各行各业对铅酸蓄电池需求量大增。但其充电方式的不合理造成了铅酸蓄电池的容量下降，缩短了铅酸蓄电池的服役寿命，使得铅酸蓄电池过早地报废，从而严重的浪费了资源，而且造成了环境污染；蓄电池在传统充电模式下都存在过充、超调量大等问题，致使其使用效率不高和寿命短。所以，寻求具有高效、安全、可靠的充电方法显得极为重要，这极大地加速了人们对智能不断深入研究。针对铅酸蓄电池，本文提出了基于模糊PID控制的充电方法，建立了蓄电池充电数学模型，并在Matlab仿真平台做了仿真研究。介绍了铅酸蓄电池各种传统充电模式，并比较分析了各种充电方法的优缺点，同时对铅酸蓄电池SOC(State of Charge,荷电状态或剩余容量)测试方法做了简要介绍，通过分析总结现有的SOC预估方法，给出了一种容易操作的SOC预估模型。通过对最佳充电电流曲线的研究分析，结合模糊PID控制策略，用蓄电池端口电压来表征充电的完整过程，采用二维模糊控制器，将端口电压的误差和误差变化率作为控制器的输入，输出为PID三个修正参数；将蓄流电感加入充电系统的物理模型，对其充电过程进行了数学建模；利用Matlab/Simulink仿真平台做了仿真，对比分析了在PID控制下和模糊PID控制下的充电效果，也与传统充电模式做了对比分析，结果证明在模糊PID控制下充电能解决传统充电模式下存在过充、超调量大的问题，而且具有很好的鲁棒性。
[Abstract]:Lead-acid batteries have many advantages, such as high cost performance, large capacity, reliable safety performance and abundant raw materials, which make them more and more widely used. In recent years, the demand for lead-acid batteries has increased greatly in all walks of life. But the unreasonable charging mode causes the capacity of lead-acid battery to decline, shortens the service life of lead-acid battery, makes the lead-acid battery abandoned prematurely, thus seriously wastes resources and causes environmental pollution. The battery is overcharged and overregulated in traditional charging mode, which leads to low efficiency and short service life. Aiming at lead-acid battery, this paper presents a charging method based on fuzzy pid control, establishes the mathematical model of battery charging, and does simulation research on Matlab simulation platform. Various traditional charging modes of lead-acid batteries are introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of various charging methods are compared and analyzed. At the same time, the test methods of SOC state of charge (state of charge or residual capacity) for lead-acid batteries are briefly introduced. By analyzing and summarizing the existing SOC prediction methods, an easy to operate SOC prediction model is presented. Through the research and analysis of the optimal charging current curve, combined with the fuzzy pid control strategy, the battery port voltage is used to characterize the complete process of charging, and the two-dimensional fuzzy controller is adopted. The error and error rate of the port voltage are taken as the input of the controller and the output is the pid three correction parameters; the storage inductor is added to the physical model of the charging system and the mathematical model of the charging process is established; and the simulation is done by using the Matlab / Simulink simulation platform. The charging effect under pid control and fuzzy pid control is compared with the traditional charging mode. The results show that charging under fuzzy pid control can solve the problem of overcharge and overshoot under the traditional charging mode. And it has good robustness.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM912

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