基于国产芯片的安全测控终端设计

发布时间：2018-06-25 09:34

本文选题：测控终端 + 国产芯片　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：电力系统自动化是电力系统一直以来不断努力发展的方向。电力系统自动化包括发电控制自动化、电力调度自动化以及配电网自动化。其中,电力系统的配电环节是面向电力用户的一个重要环节,配电设备性能的高低、质量的好坏决定了电力系统是否可以安全、平稳运行。论文以一种配电自动化远方终端的开发为背景,对远方终端的关键技术进行研究,在基于自主可控的国产芯片的基础上,完成了具有数据加密传输功能的高性能安全测控终端的设计。论文首先介绍了安全测控终端的基本功能、应用环境以及相关的国家电力行业标准。给出了安全测控终端的整体设计方案,重点介绍了安全测控终端的核心处理器-龙芯1B处理器以及终端配置。选择了一款高精度的16位ADC,并设计了合适的交流采样电路,以提高采样精度,减小电力参数的误差。其次,论文介绍了电力系统中直流采样和交流采样两种电量采样方法,分析两种采样方法的优缺点,确定交流采样作为本论文终端设计的采样方法。介绍了交流采样常用的采样算法,包括正弦模型算法,非正弦周期模型算法。其中正弦模型算法主要有最大值算法、单点算法、半周期积分法、两点采样等;非正弦模型算法有均方根算法、付里叶算法等。并介绍如何配置采集芯片及芯片采集流程设计了信号调理电路、开关量输入输出电路,通过MATLAB、Multisim软件进行仿真验证。再其次,论文介绍了安全测控终端的通信接口,首先介绍了电力系统常用的一些通信协议,包括CAN、DNP3.0、Modbus协议、IEC 60870-5系列协议(101规约和103规约)。其中两种规约分别对应两种通信接口。一种是采用RS485接口的通信方式,同时介绍了串口通信方式下Modbus通信协议,分析Modbus通信协议数据帧格式,并举例说明Modbus通信协议在安全测控终端上的功能。另一种是采用以太网接口的通信方式,并介绍了Modbus/TCP协议。分析出利用以太网通信接口,可以实现数据更快速,更稳定,更长距离的传输。论文最后部分介绍了安全测控终端的密码子系统,即采用国密算法对数据传输进行加密,分析了数据加密传输的作用和意义。介绍了论文采用的国密算法:SM1、SM2、SM3、SM4算法。以及各个算法的基本原理和作用。仿真测试表明:安全测控终端电力参数采集计算部分准确度高,误差大小控制在《DL/T 721-2013配电自动化远方终端》标准要求的范围内,实时性较好,通过抓包测试时,数据在VPN隧道里以密文形式传输。满足了设计要求。
[Abstract]:Power system automation is the direction of power system development. Power system automation includes generation control automation, power dispatching automation and distribution network automation. The distribution of power system is an important link for power users. The performance and quality of distribution equipment determine whether the power system can operate safely and smoothly. Based on the development of a kind of distribution automation remote terminal, the key technology of remote terminal is studied in this paper. The design of high performance security measurement and control terminal with the function of data encryption and transmission is completed. Firstly, the paper introduces the basic function, application environment and relevant national power industry standards of the security measurement and control terminal. The overall design scheme of the security control terminal is given. The core processor of the security measurement and control terminal, the Godson 1B processor, and the configuration of the terminal are emphatically introduced. A high precision 16-bit ADC is selected and a suitable AC sampling circuit is designed to improve the sampling accuracy and reduce the error of power parameters. Secondly, the paper introduces the DC sampling and AC sampling in the power system, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the two sampling methods, and determines the AC sampling as the sampling method for the terminal design of this paper. This paper introduces the sampling algorithms used in AC sampling, including sinusoidal model algorithm and non-sinusoidal periodic model algorithm. Among them, the sinusoidal model algorithm mainly has maximum algorithm, single-point algorithm, semi-periodic integration method, two-point sampling and so on; the non-sinusoidal model algorithm has root mean square algorithm, Fourier algorithm and so on. It also introduces how to configure the acquisition chip and how to design the signal conditioning circuit, the switch input and output circuit, and the simulation verification by MATLAB Multisim software. Secondly, the paper introduces the communication interface of the security measurement and control terminal. Firstly, it introduces some communication protocols commonly used in power system, including CANU DNP3.0 Modbus protocol and IEC 60870-5 series protocol (101 protocol and 103 protocol). The two protocols correspond to two communication interfaces. One is the communication mode using RS485 interface. At the same time, the Modbus communication protocol under the serial communication mode is introduced. The data frame format of the Modbus communication protocol is analyzed, and the function of the Modbus communication protocol in the security measurement and control terminal is illustrated by an example. The other is the communication mode using Ethernet interface, and the Modbus / TCP protocol is introduced. The Ethernet communication interface can be used to realize faster, more stable and longer distance data transmission. The last part of the paper introduces the cryptographic subsystem of the security measurement and control terminal, that is, encrypting the data transmission by using the country secret algorithm, and analyzing the function and significance of the data encryption transmission. In this paper, the national secret algorithm: SM1 / SM2 / SM3 / SM4 is introduced. And the basic principle and function of each algorithm. The simulation test shows that the power parameter collection and calculation part of the security measurement and control terminal has high accuracy, and the error is controlled within the range of < DL / T721-2013 power distribution automation remote terminal > standard, and the real-time performance is better. Data is transmitted in the VPN tunnel in ciphertext. Meet the design requirements.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM76

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