反激型光伏并网微逆变器及其控制策略的研究

发布时间：2018-06-30 21:52

  本文选题：微型逆变器 + 交错并联　； 参考：《南京航空航天大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：进入21世纪以来，能源短缺危机以及环境污染问题使得新能源的开发利用受到越来越多的关注。其中太阳能分布广泛、储量无限，利用过程中清洁无污染。作为分布式发电的重要组成部分，，传统光伏并网发电架构存在因局部阴影造成太阳能利用率低、光伏组件不匹配产生热斑、整体效率低等问题。因此用于与每块光伏组件集成配备的光伏并网微型逆变器得到研究。每个微逆变器的功率在500W以内，独立控制可保证每块组件都能在最大功率点运行，提高局部阴影遮盖下发电系统的太阳能利用率。 本文研究了一种交错并联有源箝位反激型微逆变器，前级有源箝位反激变换器采用非互补驱动方式，吸收、转移漏感能量，有效抑制了主开关管关断时的电压尖峰，增加了效率优化的可能性。两路交错并联结构，可减小主开关管应力及输入输出电流谐波。本文首先阐述了非互补驱动有源箝位反激变换器的工作原理，分析了微逆变器的主要损耗组成，并据此给出了关键参数的设计参考。其次，针对光伏并网应用场合及本课题的拓扑结构特点，设计了由并网电流控制、最大功率跟踪控制及均流控制三大部分组成的控制策略。对微型逆变器进行了小信号建模，对并网电流控制进行了闭环设计，满足动态性能、稳定性及进网电流质量的要求。设计了带有电压环的最大功率跟踪方法，可快速、准确跟踪最大功率点并有效解决直流母线电压崩溃问题。设计了均流控制，保证两路均衡功率，提高了微逆变器的可靠性及寿命。 最后，本文对整个光伏并网微逆变器系统进行了详细的设计，并搭建了基于TMS320F2812控制的实验平台，在此平台上实现了各项基本功能。实验结果验证了电路原理、控制策略及系统设计的可行性。
[Abstract]:Since the beginning of the 21st century, energy shortage crisis and environmental pollution have caused more and more attention to the development and utilization of new energy. The solar energy is widely distributed, unlimited reserves, clean and no pollution in the process of utilization. As an important part of distributed generation, the traditional photovoltaic grid-connected generation architecture has some problems, such as low utilization of solar energy due to local shadow, thermal spot caused by photovoltaic module mismatch, low overall efficiency and so on. Therefore, the photovoltaic grid-connected miniature inverter integrated with each photovoltaic module has been studied. The power of each micro-inverter is less than 500W, and the independent control can ensure that each module can operate at the maximum power point and improve the solar energy efficiency of the power generation system under the local shadow. In this paper, an interleaved shunt active clamped flyback micro-inverter is studied. The former active clamped flyback converter uses non-complementary drive mode to absorb and transfer the leakage inductance energy, which effectively restrains the voltage spike when the main switch tube is turned off. Increases the possibility of efficiency optimization. The two-channel staggered parallel structure can reduce the stress of the main switch tube and the harmonics of the input and output current. In this paper, the principle of the non-complementary drive active clamp flyback converter is described, the main loss components of the micro-inverter are analyzed, and the design reference of the key parameters is given. Secondly, according to the characteristics of photovoltaic grid-connected applications and the topology of the subject, a control strategy composed of grid-connected current control, maximum power tracking control and current sharing control is designed. The miniature inverter is modeled with small signal and the closed-loop design of grid-connected current control is carried out to meet the requirements of dynamic performance stability and current quality. The maximum power tracking method with voltage loop is designed, which can quickly and accurately track the maximum power points and effectively solve the DC bus voltage collapse problem. The current-sharing control is designed to ensure the two-channel equalization power and improve the reliability and life of the micro-inverter. Finally, the whole system of photovoltaic grid-connected micro-inverter is designed in detail, and the experimental platform based on TMS320F2812 is built, on which the basic functions are realized. The experimental results verify the feasibility of circuit principle, control strategy and system design.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM464

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