微网及含微网配电系统的可靠性研究

发布时间：2018-07-02 23:22

本文选题：分布式发电 + 微网　；参考：《天津大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：为了提高配电系统供电可靠性和促进可再生能源高效利用，分布式发电微网技术受到越来越多的重视。微网在配电系统中的应用日益广泛，但相应的可靠性分析方法尚不完善。论文针对微网可靠性分析指标与方法、含高密度分布式电源的配电系统可靠性评估、以及含微网的配电系统可靠性规划开展了研究。主要工作如下：结合微网结构与运行的特点，定义了一系列用于评价微网可靠性与经济性的新指标。这些指标从微网孤岛运行充裕度、微网内分布式电源特征、微网与配电系统的关系等几方面反映微网的可靠性；从微网发电成本、微网同配电系统能量交换状况、微网整体收益状况等几方面衡量微网的经济性。所提指标可为微网的性能评价与规划决策提供科学依据。建立了微网公共耦合点（PCC）的等效发电机模型，并基于该模型提出了微网可靠性评估的两阶段序贯蒙特卡罗模拟法。该方法利用PCC等效发电机模型将配电系统与微网的可靠性分析过程在微网PCC处解耦，既能反映配电系统中的随机故障和孤岛转换过程对微网可靠性的影响，又能通过小步长的仿真给出微网运行的更为详细的信息。提出了光伏接入可靠性的概念及相应的指标，可以定量分析配电系统保证光伏可靠接入并使其发电得到充分利用的能力。基于历史数据，利用统计方法建立了能够反映光伏出力与负荷水平在时间上对应关系的概率解析模型，并结合该模型分别分析了光伏高密度接入时电压约束与系统故障对用户负荷与光伏接入可靠性的影响。建立了系统电压越限时的切光伏优化模型，可以在最大程度保证光伏发电就地消纳的基础上实现系统切光伏总量最小。提出了含多微网配电系统的可靠性分析方法，该方法基于分块最小割集算法，可以有效处理微网多层解列运行结构对系统可靠性评估过程的影响。提出了反映配电系统的供电能力与负荷多样化可靠性需求契合程度的可靠性偏移度指标，，并以该指标最优为目标建立了配电系统中静态开关与微型燃气轮机的优化配置模型，实现在有限的投入下，通过形成合理的微网来最大程度满足各类负荷对可靠性的不同需求。提出了基于疫苗库进化的改进免疫遗传算法对上述组合优化问题进行求解，该算法通过种群与疫苗库的双重进化机制有效保证了算法的全局搜索能力与局部开发能力。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the reliability of power distribution system and promote the efficient utilization of renewable energy, the distributed generation micronetwork technology has been paid more and more attention. The application of micro network in the distribution system is becoming more and more extensive, but the corresponding reliability analysis method is not perfect. The reliability evaluation of distribution system and the reliability planning of distribution system with microgrid are studied. The main work is as follows:
A series of new indexes to evaluate the reliability and economy of micronetworks are defined in the light of the characteristics of micronet structure and operation. These indexes reflect the reliability of micronetworks in several aspects, such as the margin margin of the micronetwork isolated island operation, the characteristics of the distributed power in the micronet and the relationship between the micro network and the distribution system, and the energy of the microgrid and the power of the distribution system from the micro network. The exchange status, the overall revenue status of microgrid and other aspects measure the economics of microgrid. The index can provide a scientific basis for performance evaluation and planning decision of microgrid.
The equivalent generator model of micronetwork common coupling point (PCC) is established. Based on this model, a two stage sequential Monte Carlo simulation method for the reliability evaluation of micronet is proposed. This method uses the PCC equivalent generator model to decouple the reliability analysis process of the distribution system and the micronet at the micronetwork PCC, which can not only reflect the random faults in the distribution system. And the effect of island transformation on the reliability of microgrid, and the more detailed information of microgrid operation can be given through the simulation of small step length.
The concept of photovoltaic access reliability and the corresponding indexes are proposed, which can be used to quantitatively analyze the ability of the power distribution system to ensure the reliable access of the photovoltaic system and make the power generation fully utilized. Based on the historical data, a probabilistic analytical model which can reflect the time corresponding relationship between the photovoltaic power and the load level is established by using the statistical method, and is combined with this model. The effects of voltage constraints and system failures on the user load and the reliability of photovoltaic access are analyzed respectively, and a photovoltaic optimization model is established when the system voltage is limited, which can minimize the total photovoltaic volume on the basis of the maximum guaranteed cost of photovoltaic generation in situ.
The reliability analysis method of a multi microgrid distribution system is proposed. Based on the block minimum cut set algorithm, this method can effectively deal with the influence of the operation structure of the microgrid multilayer disassembly on the system reliability evaluation process. The optimal configuration model of the static switch and micro gas turbine in the distribution system is set up with the target optimal. Under the limited input, a reasonable micronet is formed to meet the different requirements of the reliability of all kinds of loads. An improved immune genetic algorithm based on the phylogenetic tree evolution is proposed. Solving the optimization problem, the algorithm can effectively guarantee the global search ability and local development ability of the algorithm through the dual evolution mechanism of population and vaccine library.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM732

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