微生物燃料电池处理污水并产能的潜力分析

发布时间：2018-07-03 03:15

本文选题：微生物燃料电池 + 产电微生物　；参考：《中国给水排水》2014年18期

【摘要】：全球性能源危机导致污水处理朝着资源化与能源化的方向发展。欧美倡导的"能源工厂"或"碳中和"运行理念更是激发了从污水中回收能源的国际研发与应用热潮。作为一种能够同时将有机物去除并将其所蕴含的能量直接以电能回收的技术,微生物燃料电池(MFC)技术研发方兴未艾。这就需要首先在科学上系统了解MFC的发展历程、基本原理、研究现状,继而从工程角度分析MFC在污水处理中得以应用的潜力。在总结MFC最新研发进展的基础上,对MFC用于实际污水处理可获得的能量进行了匡算,发现其能源转化效率还不及污水处理剩余污泥厌氧消化产甲烷可获得的能源转化效率。况且,MFC的有限能量转化是以牺牲脱氮除磷所需碳源作为代价。以MFC为基础衍生而来的微生物电解电池(MEC)产氢技术在实际应用时可能亦存在相同问题。面对MFC/MEC目前的应用窘境,对其未来技术研发走向进行了定位。
[Abstract]:The global energy crisis has led to the development of wastewater treatment towards the direction of resource and energy. The idea of "energy plant" or "carbon neutralization" advocated by Europe and America has stimulated the international R & D and application of energy recovery from sewage. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology is in the ascendant as a technology which can simultaneously remove organic matter and recover its energy directly from electric energy. It is necessary to systematically understand the development course, basic principle and research status of MFC, and then analyze the potential application of MFC in sewage treatment from the engineering point of view. On the basis of summarizing the latest research and development progress of MFC, the energy of MFC used in actual sewage treatment is calculated. It is found that the energy conversion efficiency of MFC is not as good as the energy conversion efficiency obtained by anaerobic digestion of waste sludge and methane production. Moreover, the limited energy conversion of MFC is at the expense of carbon source needed for denitrification and phosphorus removal. The hydrogen production of microbial electrolytic cell (MEC) derived from MFC may have the same problem in practical application. In the face of MFC / MEC's current application dilemma, the future research and development trend of MFC / MEC is pointed out.
【作者单位】：北京建筑大学北京应对气候变化研究与人才培养基地;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51278025) 城市雨水系统与水环境教育部重点实验室项目(2014)
【分类号】：X703;TM911.45

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