氮掺杂活性炭制备及其超级电容器性能研究

发布时间：2018-07-06 18:08

  本文选题：超级电容器 + 氮掺杂　； 参考：《辽宁科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：能源日渐缺乏，超级电容器作为一种新能源装置而备受关注。超级电容器具有比传统的化学电池更加广泛的用途。在超级电容器研究中，开发高比容的电极材料具有重要的应用价值和理论意义。提高电化学性能一般是对炭材料改善比表面积及孔结构或者掺杂非碳原子。氮掺杂因为步骤简单且效果好，所以近年来备受关注。本文以苯胺为掺氮前躯体。利用原位聚合法将聚苯胺与活性炭掺氮后进行炭化处理，得到氮掺杂活性炭。并将研究其在超级电容器中作为电极材料的电化学性能。本文主要研究内容如下： 通过原位聚合法将苯胺包覆在活性炭（Activated Carbon，AC）外，得到聚苯胺/活性炭polyaniline/activated carbon (PANI-AC)掺氮材料之后，将其700℃、900℃进行炭化处理，制备得到氮掺杂活性炭（N-AC）。通过扫描电镜（SEM），，X-射线光电子能谱（XPS），比表面分析仪（BET）对材料表面形貌和成分进行表征。结果表明炭化后的材料表面确实掺杂了氮，而材料本身结构没有被破坏，经比表面分析得到掺氮后的活性炭仍然有着较高的比表面积。经循环伏安和交流阻抗讨论了N-AC的电化学性能，结果表明：苯胺与活性炭质量比为6：4时，700℃炭化后的N-AC,有较大的比容量，为182F·g1。并且内阻仅为1，导电性良好。掺杂的氮元素使材料的亲水性增强，有利于材料与电解液离子的接触，对电化学性能改善有促进作用。通过对其循环寿命的测试，得知材料电化学性能稳定，循环性良好。因此本文的研究对寻找制备优良氮掺杂碳质材料作为超级电容器电极材料提供了理论和实验依据。
[Abstract]:Because of the shortage of energy, supercapacitors have attracted much attention as a new energy device. Supercapacitors have a wider range of applications than conventional chemical batteries. In the study of supercapacitors, the development of high specific capacitance electrode materials has important application value and theoretical significance. To improve electrochemical performance is to improve the specific surface area and pore structure of carbon materials or doping non-carbon atoms. Nitrogen doping has attracted much attention in recent years because of its simple steps and good effect. In this paper, aniline was used as nitrogen-doped precursor. Nitrogen-doped activated carbon was obtained by carbonization of Polyaniline and activated carbon by in-situ polymerization. The electrochemical properties of supercapacitors as electrode materials are also studied. The main contents of this paper are as follows: Polyaniline / activated carbon polyaniline/activated carbon (PANI-AC) was prepared by in-situ polymerization of aniline coated with activated carbon (Activated carbon), and then carbonized at 700 鈩

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