永磁同步空芯直线电机推力计算及其特性分析

发布时间：2018-07-10 09:32

本文选题：永磁同步空芯直线电机 + 推力　；参考：《西南交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：永磁同步直线电机是把电能直接转换成直线推动力能的装置,与传统旋转电机相比,直线电机不需要中间传动装置,可以直接把电机推力传递给工作台,进而带动负载做直线运动。与此同时它还具有结构简单、单位推力大、可靠性高、动态性能好等诸多优点,在高速列车、工业自动化、电磁炮等领域都有着广泛的应用前景。但是,直线电机由于自身结构的原因会存在端部效应和齿槽效应,它们会引起电机磁阻力扰动、负载扰动、系统参数摄动等,这几个因素使电机输出推力形成波动,直接关系到电机定位精度和输出推力的平稳性,使得直线电机在工业实践应用方面受到较大制约。永磁同步空芯直线电机,由于其定子绕组为空芯线圈的特点,所以不会产生齿槽效应,并且削弱边端效应,虽然同时削弱了推力的最大值,但是提高了电机推力的稳定性,使得其更容易控制,如果该电机运用于高速运输方面会使得列车运行更平稳,车体无需通电,这样大大减少电磁辐射对人身的危害。本文以研究永磁同步空芯直线电机推力特性为核心,对电机结构与推力进行分析,并用有限元软件／ANSYS对分析结果进行仿真验证。首先,运用路理论电机推力进行计算。从空芯直线电机结构特点出发,针对电机绕组为空芯的特点,运用永磁体励磁等效方法将永磁体等效为通电线圈,计算励磁线圈与初级绕组线圈间的互感,进而运用虚功原理求得水平推力。同时分析水平推力与电机主要结构参数之间的关系。其次,运用有限单元计算软件ANSYS对永磁同步空芯直线电机电磁场分布进行模拟仿真,并对水平推力进行计算。搭建永磁同步空芯直线电机的二维模型,通过二维静态场仿真得出不同结构参数下永磁同步空芯直线电机的水平推力,验证解析计算的结论。最后,空芯线圈不存在铁心齿槽,已经对磁阻力进行了削弱,若采用具有单边聚磁效应的Halbach永磁阵列替换电机中常规径向永磁阵可以使推力输出更稳定,运用有限元法分析比较两种不同磁体排列对电机输出水平推力的影响。同时电机初级绕组采用分数槽,也可以降低电机推力的波动。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (PMSM) is a device that converts electrical energy directly into linear driving force. Compared with traditional rotating motor, linear motor does not need intermediate transmission device, and can directly transfer the motor thrust to the worktable. Then drive the load to make straight line motion. At the same time, it has many advantages such as simple structure, large unit thrust, high reliability, good dynamic performance and so on. It has a wide application prospect in the fields of high-speed train, industrial automation, electromagnetic gun and so on. However, due to the structure of the linear motor, there will be end effect and slot effect, which will cause the motor magnetic resistance disturbance, load disturbance, system parameter perturbation and so on. These factors make the output thrust of the motor fluctuate. It is directly related to the positioning accuracy of the motor and the stability of the output thrust, which restricts the application of linear motor in industrial practice. Because the stator winding of permanent magnet synchronous linear motor is hollow coil, it will not produce tooth slot effect, and weaken the side end effect, although it also weakens the maximum thrust, it can improve the stability of the motor thrust. It makes it easier to control, if the motor is used in high-speed transportation, it will make the train run more smoothly and the car body does not need power, which greatly reduces the harm of electromagnetic radiation to human beings. In this paper, the structure and thrust of permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (PMSLM) are analyzed based on the research of thrust characteristics of PMSM. The simulation results are verified by finite element software & ANSYS. Firstly, the motor thrust is calculated by using road theory. Based on the structural characteristics of the hollow linear motor and the characteristic that the motor winding is hollow core, the permanent magnet is equivalent to the electrified coil by using the method of permanent magnet excitation equivalence, and the mutual inductance between the excitation coil and the primary winding coil is calculated. Then the horizontal thrust is obtained by using the principle of virtual work. At the same time, the relationship between the horizontal thrust and the main structural parameters of the motor is analyzed. Secondly, the electromagnetic field distribution of permanent magnet synchronous linear motor is simulated by finite element calculation software ANSYS, and the horizontal thrust is calculated. The two-dimensional model of permanent magnet synchronous air-core linear motor is built, and the horizontal thrust of permanent magnet synchronous linear motor with different structure parameters is obtained by two-dimensional static field simulation, and the analytical results are verified. Finally, there is no core slot in the hollow coils, which has weakened the magnetic resistance. If the Halbach permanent magnet array with one-sided magnetic accumulation effect is used to replace the conventional radial permanent magnetic array in the motor, the thrust output can be more stable. Finite element method is used to analyze and compare the effects of two different types of magnets on the output horizontal thrust of the motor. At the same time, fractional slot is used in the primary winding of the motor, which can also reduce the fluctuation of the thrust of the motor.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM359.4

【参考文献】