调速永磁同步电机仿真及性能改进研究
发布时间：2018-07-18 16:44
【摘要】：永磁电机与传统的电励磁电机相对比,具有明显的优势,它不但拥有更高的功率密度和效率,而且结构多种多样,能在大部分场合取代传统电励磁电机。目前,永磁电机由于极广的功率范围,被运用在国民生产的各行各业,产量剧增。因此世界各国的电机电器行业和科研院所都把对永磁电机的开发和研究列为热点。本文研究对象是调速永磁同步电动机,论文主要涉及电机的电磁设计、气隙磁场优化设、控制系统仿真及电机功率密度提高几部分,主要的研究内容如下：第一部分综述了本文的研究背景以及永磁同步电机本体和变频控制技术的发展现状。永磁同步电机的控制技术主要分为开环变频控制和矢量控制两类。这两类控制方法特点鲜明,其中开环变频控制成本低,适用于对动态性能要求不高的场合,如风机、水泵等电机的驱动；而矢量控制精度高、效果好,适用于电梯、伺服驱动等场合。因此研究永磁同步电机变频控制系统十分有必要。第二部分介绍了永磁同步电机的分类情况,对不同转子磁路结构的内置式永磁同步电机做了详细的优缺点分析。接着根据永磁同步电机的电压电磁方程以及矢量图,研究了其稳态运行性能与损耗状况,最后介绍了恒压频比控制和id=0控制这两种常用的控制方法。本章内容为后续深入分析调速永磁同步电机的其他性能奠定了理论基础。第三部分进行了调速永磁同步电机的电磁设计与波形优化研究。电磁设计的主要任务是根据给出的电机性能指标要求,合理选择电机的结构型式,确定电机各部分所用材料,计算出相应的电磁负荷,从而确定具体的结构尺寸,以达到设计要求。这部分需要结合商业设计软件建立永磁同步电机的二维有限元分析模型,以便于研究其空载特性。接着为了改良内置式永磁同步电机的性能,提高效率,对其气隙磁密波形进行了优化,通过改变隔磁磁桥的形状和永磁体的形状,来获得正弦性良好的气隙磁密波形。第四部分研究了调速永磁同步电机控制系统。运用Simplorer与Maxwell 2D的联合仿真,将控制电路与电机本体相结合,分别使用恒压频比控制策略和id=0控制策略,实现了对调速永磁同步电机动态性能的研究。本文所采用的联合仿真方法,解决了调速永磁同步电机在单独使用Maxwell 2D时仿真困难、结果不准确的问题,具有实际指导意义。第五部分为了进一步提高永磁同步电机的功率密度和效率,进行了双转子永磁同步电机的研究。双转子永磁同步电机是一种新型电机,是由内转子、中间定子、外转子嵌套而成,可以看作是一个外转子永磁同步电机和一个内转子永磁同步电机的合成。本文为了简化双转子永磁同步电机的设计难度,提出了一种等效设计方法,并进行了仿真验证和样机实验以证明此方法的有效性。
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional electric excitation motor, the permanent magnet motor has obvious advantages. It not only has higher power density and efficiency, but also has a variety of structures, so it can replace the traditional electric excitation motor in most situations. At present, permanent magnet motor is used in various industries of national production because of its wide power range. Therefore, the development and research of permanent magnet motors are regarded as hot spots in the electric machinery industry and scientific research institutes all over the world. The research object of this paper is the speed regulating permanent magnet synchronous motor. The paper mainly involves the electromagnetic design of the motor, the optimization of the air gap magnetic field, the simulation of the control system and the increase of the power density of the motor. The main contents are as follows: the first part summarizes the background of this paper and the development of PMSM Noumenon and frequency conversion control technology. The control technology of permanent magnet synchronous motor is divided into two types: open loop frequency conversion control and vector control. These two kinds of control methods are characterized by their low cost of open-loop frequency conversion control, which is suitable for the drive of motors such as fans, pumps and so on, where the dynamic performance is not high, while the vector control method has high precision and good effect, and is suitable for the elevator. Servo drive and other occasions. Therefore, it is necessary to study the frequency conversion control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). In the second part, the classification of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of PMSM with different rotor magnetic circuit are analyzed in detail. Then, according to the voltage electromagnetic equation and vector diagram of PMSM, the steady-state performance and loss of PMSM are studied. At last, two common control methods, constant voltage frequency ratio control and id=0 control, are introduced. This chapter lays a theoretical foundation for further analysis of other performances of speed-adjusted permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). In the third part, the electromagnetic design and waveform optimization of speed regulating permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) are studied. The main task of electromagnetic design is to reasonably select the structure type of the motor, determine the materials used in each part of the motor, calculate the corresponding electromagnetic load, and then determine the specific structure size according to the performance requirements of the motor. To meet the design requirements. In order to study the no-load characteristics of PMSM, a two-dimensional finite element analysis model of PMSM should be established with commercial design software. Then in order to improve the performance and efficiency of the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor, the air-gap magnetic density waveform is optimized. By changing the shape of the magnetic barrier bridge and the permanent magnet, a sinusoidal air-gap magnetic density waveform is obtained. In the fourth part, the control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is studied. By using the combined simulation of Simplorer and Maxwell 2D, the control circuit is combined with the motor body, and the constant voltage frequency ratio control strategy and the id=0 control strategy are used, respectively, to realize the research on the dynamic performance of the speed regulating permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The joint simulation method used in this paper solves the problem of difficulty and inaccuracy in the simulation of speed regulating permanent magnet synchronous motor using Maxwell 2D alone, which is of practical significance. In the fifth part, in order to improve the power density and efficiency of PMSM, the double rotor PMSM is studied. Dual-rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is a new type of motor, which consists of inner rotor, middle stator and outer rotor. It can be regarded as a combination of an outer rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor and an inner rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor. In order to simplify the design difficulty of double rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor, an equivalent design method is proposed in this paper, and the simulation and prototype experiments are carried out to prove the effectiveness of this method.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM341
本文编号：2132525
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional electric excitation motor, the permanent magnet motor has obvious advantages. It not only has higher power density and efficiency, but also has a variety of structures, so it can replace the traditional electric excitation motor in most situations. At present, permanent magnet motor is used in various industries of national production because of its wide power range. Therefore, the development and research of permanent magnet motors are regarded as hot spots in the electric machinery industry and scientific research institutes all over the world. The research object of this paper is the speed regulating permanent magnet synchronous motor. The paper mainly involves the electromagnetic design of the motor, the optimization of the air gap magnetic field, the simulation of the control system and the increase of the power density of the motor. The main contents are as follows: the first part summarizes the background of this paper and the development of PMSM Noumenon and frequency conversion control technology. The control technology of permanent magnet synchronous motor is divided into two types: open loop frequency conversion control and vector control. These two kinds of control methods are characterized by their low cost of open-loop frequency conversion control, which is suitable for the drive of motors such as fans, pumps and so on, where the dynamic performance is not high, while the vector control method has high precision and good effect, and is suitable for the elevator. Servo drive and other occasions. Therefore, it is necessary to study the frequency conversion control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). In the second part, the classification of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of PMSM with different rotor magnetic circuit are analyzed in detail. Then, according to the voltage electromagnetic equation and vector diagram of PMSM, the steady-state performance and loss of PMSM are studied. At last, two common control methods, constant voltage frequency ratio control and id=0 control, are introduced. This chapter lays a theoretical foundation for further analysis of other performances of speed-adjusted permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). In the third part, the electromagnetic design and waveform optimization of speed regulating permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) are studied. The main task of electromagnetic design is to reasonably select the structure type of the motor, determine the materials used in each part of the motor, calculate the corresponding electromagnetic load, and then determine the specific structure size according to the performance requirements of the motor. To meet the design requirements. In order to study the no-load characteristics of PMSM, a two-dimensional finite element analysis model of PMSM should be established with commercial design software. Then in order to improve the performance and efficiency of the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor, the air-gap magnetic density waveform is optimized. By changing the shape of the magnetic barrier bridge and the permanent magnet, a sinusoidal air-gap magnetic density waveform is obtained. In the fourth part, the control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is studied. By using the combined simulation of Simplorer and Maxwell 2D, the control circuit is combined with the motor body, and the constant voltage frequency ratio control strategy and the id=0 control strategy are used, respectively, to realize the research on the dynamic performance of the speed regulating permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The joint simulation method used in this paper solves the problem of difficulty and inaccuracy in the simulation of speed regulating permanent magnet synchronous motor using Maxwell 2D alone, which is of practical significance. In the fifth part, in order to improve the power density and efficiency of PMSM, the double rotor PMSM is studied. Dual-rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is a new type of motor, which consists of inner rotor, middle stator and outer rotor. It can be regarded as a combination of an outer rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor and an inner rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor. In order to simplify the design difficulty of double rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor, an equivalent design method is proposed in this paper, and the simulation and prototype experiments are carried out to prove the effectiveness of this method.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM341
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