微网系统半实物仿真技术研究
发布时间：2018-07-20 18:07
【摘要】：本文围绕以可再生能源发电装置和蓄电池储能为主体的微网系统展开研究,介绍了微网系统半实物仿真平台的设计思路和实现方法,并对微源的控制策略以及微网系统的并离网切换特性进行研究,主要从以下三方面展开研究： (1)搭建微网系统半实物仿真平台,重点了解该平台主要构成单元的工作原理,例如实时仿真设备RTDS和dSPACE的建模方法、数字功率放大器的工作原理、分布式发电装置的设计思路等。该平台的工作原理为：利用RTDS搭建电网的模型,并实时地输出任意节点电压信号,然后利用功率放大器不失真地放大该信号；由RTDS和功率放大器构成模拟电网装置,dSPACE控制分布式发电装置接到模拟电网,同时RTDS采集并网电流；对于RTDS内的电网模型,用电流源替代分布发电装置向电网注入功率。 (2)围绕微源的控制策略展开研究。由于微网中微源的种类很多,控制方法也不尽相同,对于光伏发电和风力发电之类具有间歇性的微源,宜采用恒直流电压控制；对于燃气轮机等分布式电源和蓄电池等储能装备,其可根据负荷需求调整发电量,宜采用恒功率(PQ)控制或下垂控制。因此需要研究两类微源的控制策略：1)针对间歇性微源的控制策略的研究,分析了100块(10串10并)YGE245P型光伏电池组件的I-V和P-V特性,并设计了双级式光伏发电系统,仿真分析了Boost电路的双闭环控制策略、MPPT策略和恒直流电压控制策略；2)针对储能类微源无互联信号线下垂控制策略的研究,从功率P与Q同电压V与相角δ的关系出发,讨论阻感比对变流器运行的影响,提出了考虑阻感比的P-f与Q-V的单环下垂控制器的设计方法。基于单环下垂控制器设计了“功率-电压-电流”三环下垂控制器,并指出当并网运行时,变流器可通过改变下垂曲线的斜率大小调节并网功率；当离网运行时,变流器能够按照自身的下垂特性承担负载功率。 (3)围绕微网系统的并离网切换策略展开研究。微网具有并网和离网两种运行模式,并具有两种模式间的无缝切换功能。微网从并网转为离网后,需要进行二次调整已达到合理的电能质量；从离网转为并网前,通过主调整变流器平移下垂曲线实现微网与主网电压再同步。通过分析微网动态切换过程,介绍了一种微网系统的预同步控制方法,与其他控制方式不同的是直接将微网与主网的相角差经过PI调节器完成微网频率与相角的同步调节。当微网处于不同运行模式时,微网变流器的控制策略可以不同,为此提供了一种变流器控制模式切换的方法。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the microgrid system with renewable energy generation device and storage battery as the main body is studied, and the design idea and realization method of the hardware and software simulation platform for the microgrid system are introduced. The control strategy of microsource and the characteristics of parallel and off-grid switching of micro-grid system are studied. The following three aspects are studied: (1) the hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform of micro-grid system is built. The working principle of the main components of the platform, such as the modeling method of RTDS and DSpace, the working principle of digital power amplifier, the design idea of distributed generation device, etc. The working principle of the platform is as follows: using RTDS to build the power network model, and output any node voltage signal in real time, then amplify the signal without distortion by using power amplifier; The analog power grid device (DSpace) is composed of RTDS and power amplifier. The distributed generation device is connected to the analog grid and the RTDS collects the grid-connected current. The current source is used instead of the distributed generation device to inject power into the power grid. (2) the control strategy of the microsource is studied. Because there are many kinds of micro-sources in the microgrid, the control methods are different. For the intermittent micro-sources such as photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation, the constant DC voltage control should be adopted. For energy storage equipment such as gas turbine, distributed power source and storage battery, the power generation can be adjusted according to load demand, and constant power (PQ) control or droop control should be adopted. Therefore, we need to study the control strategy of two kinds of microsources: (1) based on the control strategy of intermittent microsources, we analyze the I-V and P-V characteristics of 100 (10 series 10) YGE245P photovoltaic cell modules, and design a two-stage photovoltaic power generation system. The double closed loop control strategy MPPT and the constant DC voltage control strategy of boost circuit are simulated and analyzed. The droop control strategy of the energy storage microsource without interconnected signal line is studied. The relationship between the power P and Q covoltage V and phase angle 未 is discussed. This paper discusses the influence of resistance to inductance ratio on the operation of converter, and presents a design method of single loop sag controller with P-f and Q-V considering resistive inductance ratio. Based on the single loop droop controller, a three-ring droop controller is designed, and it is pointed out that the converter can adjust the grid-connected power by changing the slope of the sag curve when the grid is connected, and when running off the grid, the power of the converter can be adjusted by changing the slope of the sag curve. The converter can bear the load power according to its droop characteristic. (3) the research is carried out around the handover strategy of the microgrid system. The microgrid has two operation modes, grid-connected and off-grid, and has the function of seamless switching between the two modes. After the microgrid is transferred from grid-connected to off-grid, the secondary adjustment is needed to achieve reasonable power quality, and before the switch from off-grid to grid-connected, the voltage resynchronization between the microgrid and the main grid can be realized through the translation of the vertical curve of the main adjusting converter. By analyzing the dynamic switching process of microgrid, a presynchronous control method for microgrid system is introduced. Different from other control methods, the phase angle difference between microgrid and main network is directly adjusted by Pi regulator to synchronize the frequency and phase angle of microgrid. When the microgrid is in different operation mode, the control strategy of the microgrid converter can be different, so a method of switching the control mode of the converter is provided.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM743
本文编号：2134331
[Abstract]:In this paper, the microgrid system with renewable energy generation device and storage battery as the main body is studied, and the design idea and realization method of the hardware and software simulation platform for the microgrid system are introduced. The control strategy of microsource and the characteristics of parallel and off-grid switching of micro-grid system are studied. The following three aspects are studied: (1) the hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform of micro-grid system is built. The working principle of the main components of the platform, such as the modeling method of RTDS and DSpace, the working principle of digital power amplifier, the design idea of distributed generation device, etc. The working principle of the platform is as follows: using RTDS to build the power network model, and output any node voltage signal in real time, then amplify the signal without distortion by using power amplifier; The analog power grid device (DSpace) is composed of RTDS and power amplifier. The distributed generation device is connected to the analog grid and the RTDS collects the grid-connected current. The current source is used instead of the distributed generation device to inject power into the power grid. (2) the control strategy of the microsource is studied. Because there are many kinds of micro-sources in the microgrid, the control methods are different. For the intermittent micro-sources such as photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation, the constant DC voltage control should be adopted. For energy storage equipment such as gas turbine, distributed power source and storage battery, the power generation can be adjusted according to load demand, and constant power (PQ) control or droop control should be adopted. Therefore, we need to study the control strategy of two kinds of microsources: (1) based on the control strategy of intermittent microsources, we analyze the I-V and P-V characteristics of 100 (10 series 10) YGE245P photovoltaic cell modules, and design a two-stage photovoltaic power generation system. The double closed loop control strategy MPPT and the constant DC voltage control strategy of boost circuit are simulated and analyzed. The droop control strategy of the energy storage microsource without interconnected signal line is studied. The relationship between the power P and Q covoltage V and phase angle 未 is discussed. This paper discusses the influence of resistance to inductance ratio on the operation of converter, and presents a design method of single loop sag controller with P-f and Q-V considering resistive inductance ratio. Based on the single loop droop controller, a three-ring droop controller is designed, and it is pointed out that the converter can adjust the grid-connected power by changing the slope of the sag curve when the grid is connected, and when running off the grid, the power of the converter can be adjusted by changing the slope of the sag curve. The converter can bear the load power according to its droop characteristic. (3) the research is carried out around the handover strategy of the microgrid system. The microgrid has two operation modes, grid-connected and off-grid, and has the function of seamless switching between the two modes. After the microgrid is transferred from grid-connected to off-grid, the secondary adjustment is needed to achieve reasonable power quality, and before the switch from off-grid to grid-connected, the voltage resynchronization between the microgrid and the main grid can be realized through the translation of the vertical curve of the main adjusting converter. By analyzing the dynamic switching process of microgrid, a presynchronous control method for microgrid system is introduced. Different from other control methods, the phase angle difference between microgrid and main network is directly adjusted by Pi regulator to synchronize the frequency and phase angle of microgrid. When the microgrid is in different operation mode, the control strategy of the microgrid converter can be different, so a method of switching the control mode of the converter is provided.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM743
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