一种球形摆式波浪发电装置的研究

发布时间：2018-08-10 17:29

【摘要】：能源是人类生存和发展的不可缺少的三大物质基础之一。工业革命以来，人类社会的不断进步，而能源的消耗剧增、生态环境受到严重的破坏。为了解决能源短缺及生态环境恶化问题，世界各国都陆续探索研究无污染、储量大、分布广的波浪能，开发出各种波浪能发电装置。论文阐述了国内外波浪发电装置的研究现状，并分析了各种波浪发电装置的工作原理与特点。依据波浪能转换原理提出了一种新型的球形摆式波浪发电装置，分析了该装置的发电原理，并通过AQWA对波浪发电装置进行模拟仿真与优化。本文的主要内容：（1）基于微幅波理论与入射波的势函数基础上，求出水质点的速度、加速度以及运动轨迹等；并介绍AQWA水动力学软件的一些理论知识，浮体响应频域运动方程与时域运动方程。（2）根据波浪转换原理提出了一种新型的球形摆式波浪发电装置，并介绍了其工作原理与优点。基于福建周边海域的波浪资源分布，按照弗汝德－克雷洛夫假定法理论对该装置进行了水平方向的波浪力分析。（3）采用AQWA水动力学软件对球形摆式波能发电装置进行模拟仿真。在同一海况下模拟计算，得出球形浮体的运动规律，表明了该装置工作的可行性与周期性；并得出了浮体RAO值和水动力参数等。并将发电装置在不同的波况下数值模拟，探究球形浮体摆角与波浪参数的关系；通过模拟仿真知波浪波高是影响波形图振幅的主要因素，波高越大，球形浮体的摆角范围越大；周期是影响球形浮体响应快慢的因素，周期越小，响应越快，摆角的范围越大；波向是影响球形浮体是否能稳定摆动（做功）的主要因素，平均波向与该发电装置的任意中线成0角是系统的最佳运行角度。（4）在波浪参数一样的情况下，对球形浮体之间的距离、吃水深度与浮体半径进行了优化。发现球形浮体之间的距离、浮体的大小是浮体之间相互作用强弱的主要因素；吃水深度主要是装置的球形浮体摆角是否稳定，实现稳定发电的主要因素；辐射阻尼和附加质量随着排水体积的增大而增大。该装置在浮体之间的距离为6m、吃水深度为0.9m，，半径为2m，球形浮体的整体摆动效果好，能捕获更多的波浪能。（5）论文研究球形摆式波浪发电装置的设计、模拟仿真与优化为物理样机的制作及实际应用提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:Energy is one of the three indispensable material bases for human survival and development. Since the Industrial Revolution, the human society has made progress, and the consumption of energy has increased dramatically, and the ecological environment has been seriously damaged. In order to solve the problem of energy shortage and deterioration of ecological environment, various wave energy devices have been developed in the world, which have no pollution, large reserves and wide distribution of wave energy. This paper describes the research status of wave power generation devices at home and abroad, and analyzes the working principle and characteristics of various wave power generation devices. According to the principle of wave energy conversion, a new type of wave power generating device with spherical pendulum is proposed. The principle of wave power generation is analyzed, and the simulation and optimization of wave power generation device are carried out by AQWA. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) based on the theory of micro-amplitude wave and the potential function of incident wave, the velocity, acceleration and track of water quality point are calculated, and some theoretical knowledge of AQWA hydrodynamic software is introduced. (2) according to the wave conversion principle, a new type of spherical pendulum wave generator is proposed, and its working principle and advantages are introduced. Based on the distribution of wave resources in the waters around Fujian, According to the theory of Froud-Krylov hypothesis, the horizontal wave force of the device is analyzed. (3) the spherical pendulum wave power generation device is simulated by AQWA hydrodynamic software. Under the same sea condition, the motion law of the spherical floating body is obtained, which indicates the feasibility and periodicity of the device, and the RAO value and hydrodynamic parameters of the floating body are obtained. The simulation results show that the wave height is the main factor affecting the amplitude of the wave diagram, and the larger the wave height, the larger the swing angle range of the spherical floating body. The period is the factor that affects the response speed of the spherical floating body, the smaller the period, the faster the response, the wider the range of the swing angle, the more the wave direction is the main factor that affects the stability of the spherical floating body. The optimum operating angle of the system is that the mean wave direction is zero angle to any midline of the generator. (4) the distance between the spherical floating bodies, the draught depth and the radius of the floating body are optimized under the same wave parameters. It is found that the distance between the spherical floating bodies, the size of the floating bodies are the main factors of the interaction between the floating bodies, the draught depth is mainly the stability of the pendulum angle of the spherical floating bodies of the device, and the main factors to realize stable power generation are as follows. The radiation damping and additional mass increase with the increase of drainage volume. The distance between the floating bodies is 6 m, the draught depth is 0.9 m, the radius is 2 m, the whole swinging effect of the spherical floating body is good, and it can capture more wave energy. (5) the design of the spherical tilting wave power generating device is studied in this paper. Simulation and optimization provide theoretical basis for the manufacture and practical application of physical prototype.
【学位授予单位】：集美大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM612

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