考虑输电能力及输电阻塞的风电并网系统多区域协调调度

发布时间：2018-08-12 07:34

【摘要】：面对能源短缺和环境恶化的严峻形势，世界各国都在积极寻求发展可再生能源，风力发电以清洁经济、安全高效和可持续开发利用的优势得到大力发展。风电的大规模集中并网使电力系统调度面临严重的挑战，从多空间尺度研究新型的区域协调调度方法，以有效应对风电的波动性、随机性等不确定性因素，保证电网安全稳定、经济高效运行，并提高系统的风电消纳能力，具有非常重要的理论和工程应用价值。本文基于多空间尺度的联络线输送限制以及电量交易计划，主要研究考虑输电能力及输电阻塞的大规模风电并网系统的多区域协调调度模型与方法。首先分析了大规模风电场的短期出力Beta分布模型，并介绍了两种包含风电不确定性的电力系统数学分析方法：基于概率论的解析法和基于随机模拟的蒙特卡罗法，且采用拉丁超立方抽样法进行短期风电出力模拟。针对含风电不确定性的机会约束规划模型，推导了风电随机波动与线路潮流的线性关系及卷积运算，根据事先设定的置信水平把含随机变量的机会约束转化为相应的确定性等价惩罚函数并引入到目标函数中，之后采用粒子群优化算法进行求解。考虑电量交易计划，对含大规模风电场的电力系统的可用输电能力进行研究。首先基于连续潮流法，提出了线性预测关键约束的改进算法，并引入到交流潮流模型中形成扩展潮流方程求解电力系统确定性ATC，且推导了电力系统ATC对风电等节点的注入功率波动的灵敏度快速估算模型。在此基础上，结合风电并网系统的多维可视化注入功率空间，提出了一种采用分层类聚算法划分蒙特卡罗抽样样本，综合考虑发电机随机故障、线路随机故障、风电场风速、发电机出力和负荷波动等多种不确定因素的概率ATC快速计算方法，，实时监视、动态更新区域电网间计及安全约束的联络断面极限传输容量。针对我国远距离、大规模、和高集中的风电开发模式所引发的输电阻塞问题进行研究，运用优化调度积留量法建立了一套合理的多区域协调调度方法。应用预测概率分布表示风电并网带来的不确定性，在前瞻约束中添加联络线潮流约束，首先判断最乐观情况下是否存在使输电断面h时刻不越限的的发电计划。如果存在，则t时刻的发电计划满足输电断面的前瞻约束；否则,就运用机会约束规划理论调整t时刻的发电计划，合理协调互联区域间的发电机出力，以及时消除电力系统的输电阻塞现象，最大限度地消纳风电。
[Abstract]:Facing the severe situation of energy shortage and environmental deterioration, countries all over the world are actively seeking to develop renewable energy, and the advantages of wind power generation for clean economy, safe, efficient and sustainable development and utilization have been vigorously developed. The large-scale centralized grid connection of wind power makes the power system dispatching face serious challenges. A new regional coordinated dispatching method is studied from multi-space scale to effectively deal with the uncertainty factors such as wind power fluctuation, randomness and so on, so as to ensure the security and stability of power grid. It is very important in theory and engineering application to operate economically and efficiently and to improve the wind power absorption capacity of the system. In this paper, the multi-area coordinated scheduling model and method for large-scale wind power grid-connected systems considering transmission capacity and transmission congestion are studied based on the tie-line transmission restriction and electricity transaction plan in multi-space scale. In this paper, the short term Beta distribution model of large scale wind farm is analyzed, and two kinds of mathematical analysis methods including wind power uncertainty are introduced: the analytic method based on probability theory and the Monte Carlo method based on stochastic simulation. And the Latin hypercube sampling method is used to simulate the short-term wind power output. According to the chance constrained programming model with wind power uncertainty, the linear relation and convolution operation between wind power random fluctuation and line power flow are derived. According to the predetermined confidence level, the chance constraint with random variables is transformed into the corresponding deterministic equivalent penalty function and introduced into the objective function, and then the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the problem. The available transmission capacity of power systems with large scale wind farms is studied by considering the electricity transaction plan. Based on the continuous power flow method, an improved algorithm for linear prediction with key constraints is proposed. The extended power flow equation is introduced into the AC power flow model to solve the power system deterministic ATCs, and the fast sensitivity estimation model of the power system ATC to the input power fluctuation of wind power is derived. On this basis, combined with the multidimensional visual injection power space of wind power grid connection system, a hierarchical clustering algorithm is proposed to divide Monte-Carlo sampling samples, considering generator random fault, line random fault and wind speed. Probabilistic ATC fast calculation method for generator output and load fluctuation, real-time monitoring, dynamic updating of the limited transmission capacity of the contact section with safety constraints among regional power grids. Aiming at the transmission congestion problem caused by long distance, large scale and high concentration wind power development model in China, a set of reasonable multi region coordinated scheduling method is established by using optimal scheduling product retention method. The prediction probability distribution is used to represent the uncertainty brought by wind power grid connection. The tie-line power flow constraint is added to the forward constraints to determine whether there is a generation plan with no h time limit for transmission section under the most optimistic condition. If it exists, the generation plan at t time satisfies the forward constraint of transmission section; otherwise, the generation plan at t time can be adjusted by chance constraint programming theory, and the generator output between interconnected regions can be reasonably coordinated. In order to eliminate the power system transmission congestion phenomenon, maximum absorption of wind power.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM614;TM73

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