ALD沉积氧化铝薄膜在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用研究
发布时间：2018-08-19 19:40
【摘要】：1991年，Gr tzel等人首次将纳米晶多孔氧化物薄膜引入染料敏化太阳能电池（Dye-sensitized solar cells，DSSCs），并将其转化效率提高到7%，由此揭开了染料敏化太阳能电池的发展序幕。由于在DSSCs生产过程中没有高真空高能耗环节、光阳极原材料易得、制作工艺简单和较低的后期维护成本，使得染料敏化太阳能电池制造成本比传统硅基太阳能电池要低得多。因此，在过去的二十年中，染料敏化太阳能电池在世界范围内得到广泛研究，被认为是实现太阳能大规模利用的主要候选者之一。 但是在目前实际利用中，染料敏化太阳能电池还存在不少问题亟待解决，如二氧化钛的电子迁移速率较低、液态电解质易泄漏稳定性差等。因此，本文分别制备了以二氧化锡为光阳极材料的液态染料敏化太阳能电池和以PEO为基材的聚合物复合固态电解质电池，并通过阳极表面处理获得了效率的提高。 首先，我们使用原子层沉积技术在二氧化锡颗粒上包覆超薄氧化铝，研究了氧化铝包覆对染料敏化太阳能电池光电转换效率的影响。研究表明，氧化铝可以在二氧化锡/染料/电解质界面形成势垒层，阻止电子的逆向复合。同时，由于氧化铝具有较高的等电点，提高了染料的吸附量从而提高电池效率。通过染料吸附量的变化，提出了氧化铝在多孔氧化锡基底上的三步沉积模型。并进一步研究了染料吸附后沉积氧化铝的作用。 其次，我们成功的将ALD技术应用于固态电池体系中，并与四氯化钛水解法相结合制备氧化钛-氧化铝双层氧化物包覆结构。结果表明双层结构可以更有效的抑制电子的复合并且提高了颗粒的连通性，，从而提高了固态染料敏化太阳能电池的光电转换效率。
[Abstract]:In 1991, Gr tzel et al first introduced nanocrystalline porous oxide thin films into Dye-sensitized solar cells and raised its conversion efficiency to 70.This opened the development of dye sensitized solar cells. Because there is no high vacuum and high energy consumption in the DSSCs process, the raw materials of photoanode are easily available, the fabrication process is simple and the cost of later maintenance is lower, the manufacturing cost of dye sensitized solar cells is much lower than that of traditional silicon based solar cells. Therefore, in the past two decades, dye sensitized solar cells have been widely studied in the world, and are considered as one of the main candidates for the large-scale use of solar energy. However, there are still many problems to be solved in the practical use of dye-sensitized solar cells, such as the low electron transfer rate of titanium dioxide, the poor leakage stability of liquid electrolyte and so on. Therefore, liquid dye sensitized solar cells with tin dioxide as photoanode and polymer composite solid-state electrolyte batteries with PEO as substrate were prepared in this paper, and the efficiency was improved by anodic surface treatment. Firstly, the effect of aluminum oxide coating on the photoconversion efficiency of dye sensitized solar cells was investigated by using atomic layer deposition technique. The results show that alumina can form barrier layer at the interface of tin dioxide / dye / electrolyte to prevent electronic reverse recombination. At the same time, because of the high isoelectric point of alumina, the adsorption capacity of dye is increased, and the efficiency of the battery is improved. A three-step deposition model of alumina on porous tin oxide substrate was proposed by changing the amount of dye adsorption. The effect of dye adsorption on alumina deposition was also studied. Secondly, we successfully applied ALD technology to solid state battery system, and combined with titanium tetrachloride hydrolysis method to prepare titanium-alumina double oxide coating structure. The results show that the double layer structure can effectively inhibit the recombination of electrons and improve the connectivity of particles, thus improving the photoconversion efficiency of solid-state dye sensitized solar cells.
【学位授予单位】：北京印刷学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM914.4
本文编号：2192636
[Abstract]:In 1991, Gr tzel et al first introduced nanocrystalline porous oxide thin films into Dye-sensitized solar cells and raised its conversion efficiency to 70.This opened the development of dye sensitized solar cells. Because there is no high vacuum and high energy consumption in the DSSCs process, the raw materials of photoanode are easily available, the fabrication process is simple and the cost of later maintenance is lower, the manufacturing cost of dye sensitized solar cells is much lower than that of traditional silicon based solar cells. Therefore, in the past two decades, dye sensitized solar cells have been widely studied in the world, and are considered as one of the main candidates for the large-scale use of solar energy. However, there are still many problems to be solved in the practical use of dye-sensitized solar cells, such as the low electron transfer rate of titanium dioxide, the poor leakage stability of liquid electrolyte and so on. Therefore, liquid dye sensitized solar cells with tin dioxide as photoanode and polymer composite solid-state electrolyte batteries with PEO as substrate were prepared in this paper, and the efficiency was improved by anodic surface treatment. Firstly, the effect of aluminum oxide coating on the photoconversion efficiency of dye sensitized solar cells was investigated by using atomic layer deposition technique. The results show that alumina can form barrier layer at the interface of tin dioxide / dye / electrolyte to prevent electronic reverse recombination. At the same time, because of the high isoelectric point of alumina, the adsorption capacity of dye is increased, and the efficiency of the battery is improved. A three-step deposition model of alumina on porous tin oxide substrate was proposed by changing the amount of dye adsorption. The effect of dye adsorption on alumina deposition was also studied. Secondly, we successfully applied ALD technology to solid state battery system, and combined with titanium tetrachloride hydrolysis method to prepare titanium-alumina double oxide coating structure. The results show that the double layer structure can effectively inhibit the recombination of electrons and improve the connectivity of particles, thus improving the photoconversion efficiency of solid-state dye sensitized solar cells.
【学位授予单位】：北京印刷学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM914.4
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本文编号：2192636
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