考虑台风影响的配电网可靠性评估和规划

发布时间：2018-08-20 14:13

【摘要】：台风天气常常给沿海电力系统带来巨大的运行风险与经济损失，而配电网由于设计标准往往低于主网，配电设施损坏尤为严重，常常造成“主网坚强，配电送电困难”现象。架空配电线路倒杆断线故障是台风天气下配电系统主要故障形式，同时也是配电设施受损的主要方面，对其进行可靠性建模与风险评估是制定风灾防御措施的重要依据。本文围绕配电系统抗风灾能力，建立了台风天气下架空配电线路荷载可靠性模型，基于该模型对台风天气下配电系统可靠性进行了评估，同时建立了架空配电线路杆塔及档距优化模型，采用遗传算法对架空配电线路电杆选型与档距长度进行了优化。论文根据结构可靠性原理，基于台风的风速和风向等计算导线和电杆的风荷载，结合导线与电杆的强度随机变量，通过荷载效应分析建立了导线与电杆的强度-荷载效应功能函数，，通过积分变换建立架空配电线路荷载可靠度模型。该模型可反映架空配电线路在台风天气下倒杆断线风险水平。算例分别分析了线路走向，导线型号与杆塔型号对线路荷载可靠度的影响。由于倒杆断线故障是台风天气下配电系统的主要故障形式，本文建立了台风天气下架空配电线路荷载可靠性参数模型，提出了受台风影响的配电网可靠性指标，进而对台风天气下配电系统可靠性进行了评估。根据气象预测信息，将台风登陆过程以小时为单位划分时段，计算每个小时段内的线路荷载可靠性参数，采用分块算法对台风天气下配电系统的可靠性进行了评估。算例给出了每个时段内系统及负荷点的可靠性指标，并分析了台风登陆路径、装设防风拉线对配电系统可靠性的影响。算例分析验证了模型的可行性与有效性。论文考虑台风最大风速的随机性，基于台风最大风速极值I型分布建立了架空配电线路荷载可靠度计算模型，以配电系统全寿命周期成本为目标函数，电杆型号、档距长度为决策变量，提出了一种架空配电线路杆塔及档距规划模型。本文考虑线路倒杆断杆故障造成的停电损失成本，结合杆塔投资成本、维护成本，构建了以配电系统全寿命周期成本为目标函数、线路档距为约束条件的杆塔及档距规划模型，并采用遗传算法对规划模型进行了求解。基于该规划模型，规划人员能直观的掌握架空配电线路荷载风险水平，获得兼顾经济性与可靠性的最优方案。
[Abstract]:Typhoon weather often brings huge operation risk and economic loss to coastal power system, but distribution network is often damaged because the design standard is lower than the main network, which often results in the phenomenon of "strong main network and difficulty in distribution and power transmission". The breakage fault of overhead distribution line is the main fault form of distribution system under typhoon weather, and it is also the main aspect of the damage of distribution facilities. The reliability modeling and risk assessment are the important basis for the establishment of wind disaster prevention measures. In this paper, a load reliability model of overhead distribution line under typhoon weather is established, and the reliability of distribution system under typhoon weather is evaluated based on this model. At the same time, the optimization model of tower and distance of overhead distribution line is established, and the selection of pole and distance length of overhead distribution line are optimized by genetic algorithm. According to the principle of structural reliability, based on the wind speed and direction of typhoon, the wind load of conductor and pole is calculated, and the random variable of strength of conductor and pole is combined. Through the analysis of load effect, the function of strength and load effect of conductor and pole is established, and the load reliability model of overhead distribution line is established by integral transformation. The model can reflect the risk level of upside-down line breakage of overhead distribution lines in typhoon weather. Examples are given to analyze the influence of line direction, conductor type and tower type on the reliability of line load. In this paper, the reliability parameter model of overhead distribution line under typhoon weather is established, and the reliability index of distribution network affected by typhoon is put forward. Furthermore, the reliability of distribution system in typhoon weather is evaluated. According to the weather forecast information, the typhoon landing process is divided into hours, and the reliability parameters of the line load in each small period are calculated, and the reliability of distribution system under typhoon weather is evaluated by block algorithm. The reliability index of system and load point in each period is given, and the influence of typhoon landing path and windproof cable installation on the reliability of distribution system is analyzed. The feasibility and validity of the model are verified by an example. Considering the randomness of typhoon maximum wind speed, a model for calculating load reliability of overhead distribution lines is established based on the distribution of typhoon maximum wind speed extremum I. The life cycle cost of distribution system is taken as the objective function, and the type of pole is used. This paper presents a model of overhead distribution line tower and distance planning. In this paper, considering the cost of power outage caused by the fault of the inverted rod and the cost of maintenance, a model of tower and distance planning is established, which takes the life cycle cost of the distribution system as the objective function and the distance of the transmission line as the constraint condition. Genetic algorithm is used to solve the programming model. Based on this planning model, planners can grasp the load risk level of overhead distribution lines intuitively, and obtain the optimal scheme which takes account of both economy and reliability.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM732

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