特高压工程用电容器组断路器弧触头材料关合侵蚀研究
发布时间：2018-08-23 11:13
【摘要】：在特高压交流系统中,需要寿命至少达到3000次以上的长寿命电容器组断路器以满足无功补偿的要求,现有专用断路器的电寿命均只能达到数百次,其电寿命严重不足。上述现有专用断路器电寿命的不足主要表现在断路器的弧触头抗侵蚀能力不足。由于关合电容器组条件下的弧触头侵蚀行为与一般分断情况下的电弧侵蚀行为存在物理过程上的显著差异,因此,迫切需要通过实验研究和理论分析,以了解这种工作条件下的弧触头侵蚀行为和侵蚀特性,为完善专用断路器的弧触头材料选用和灭弧室结构及操作特性设计提供可靠的依据。通过对弧触头侵蚀现象的分析,认为关合侵蚀不同于分断侵蚀,前者包含有电弧预击穿烧蚀和弧后摩擦磨损两个物理过程。基于此,设计了弧触头关合侵蚀实验、弧触头电弧烧蚀实验,用以研究弧触头在不同实验条件下的弧触头关合侵蚀特性,并区分了这两个过程对弧触头的作用;设计了弧触头材料优选实验,比较了典型弧触头材料的优劣,并对弧触头提出了可能的改进方法;最后,根据弧触头关合侵蚀特性和关合侵蚀后弧触头的微观结构提出了基于开断电弧重击穿和主、弧触头操作时序反转两种失效模式的弧触头失效次数计算模型。研究表明:由于弧后摩擦磨损过程的存在,起保护作用的弧触头外层骨架部分被摩掉,因而容性情况下的关合侵蚀较开断侵蚀更加严重;电弧烧蚀时,弧触头的质量损失由电弧能量决定,预击穿电弧烧蚀会对弧后摩擦磨损过程有较大影响;弧后摩擦磨损过程在电弧能量较小和较大的时候起主导作用,而电弧烧蚀过程对整体侵蚀量只在一个范围内有较大影响;弧触头在低速关合的情况下电弧能量起主导作用,而在高速关合情况下撞击力起主导作用;弧触头制造工艺及其控制在一定程度上会影响弧触头的抗侵蚀能力。
[Abstract]:In the UHV AC system, the long-life capacitor bank circuit breaker, which needs at least 3000 life times to meet the demand of reactive power compensation, can only achieve hundreds of electric life, and its electric life is seriously insufficient. The lack of electrical life of the existing special circuit breaker is mainly due to the lack of corrosion resistance of the arc contact of the circuit breaker. Because the erosion behavior of arc contact under the condition of closing capacitor bank is obviously different from that of arc erosion behavior under general breaking condition, it is urgent to pass the experimental research and theoretical analysis, because there is a significant difference in the physical process between the arc contact erosion behavior under the condition of closing capacitor bank and the arc erosion behavior under the general breaking condition. In order to understand the erosion behavior and erosion characteristics of arc contact under this working condition, the reliable basis is provided for improving the selection of arc contact materials for special circuit breakers and the design of the structure and operation characteristics of the interrupter. Through the analysis of arc contact erosion, it is considered that closing erosion is different from breaking erosion. The former includes two physical processes: arc pre-breakdown ablation and back-arc friction and wear. Based on this, the experiments of arc contact closing erosion and arc contact arc ablation are designed to study the characteristics of arc contact closing erosion under different experimental conditions, and the effects of these two processes on arc contact are distinguished. The optimum selection experiment of arc contact materials is designed, the advantages and disadvantages of typical arc contact materials are compared, and the possible improvement methods for arc contact are put forward. According to the characteristics of arc contact closing erosion and the microstructure of arc contact after closing erosion, a calculation model of arc contact failure number is proposed based on the two failure modes of arc rebreakdown and main arc contact operation. The results show that due to the existence of back-arc friction and wear process, the outer framework of the protective arc contact is partly rubbed off, so the closing erosion under capacitive condition is more serious than that of the breaking erosion, and when the arc is ablating, the closing erosion is more serious than the breaking erosion. The mass loss of arc contact is determined by the arc energy, and the pre-breakdown arc ablation will have a great influence on the process of back-arc friction and wear, and the process of back-arc friction and wear plays a leading role when the arc energy is small and larger. The arc ablation process has a great influence on the whole erosion amount in a certain range, the arc contact plays a leading role in the case of low speed closing, and the impact force in the case of high speed closing, the arc contact plays a leading role in the case of low speed closing, and the arc contact energy plays a leading role in the case of low speed closing and high speed closing. The manufacturing process of arc contact and its control will affect the corrosion resistance of arc contact to a certain extent.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM561
本文编号：2198907
[Abstract]:In the UHV AC system, the long-life capacitor bank circuit breaker, which needs at least 3000 life times to meet the demand of reactive power compensation, can only achieve hundreds of electric life, and its electric life is seriously insufficient. The lack of electrical life of the existing special circuit breaker is mainly due to the lack of corrosion resistance of the arc contact of the circuit breaker. Because the erosion behavior of arc contact under the condition of closing capacitor bank is obviously different from that of arc erosion behavior under general breaking condition, it is urgent to pass the experimental research and theoretical analysis, because there is a significant difference in the physical process between the arc contact erosion behavior under the condition of closing capacitor bank and the arc erosion behavior under the general breaking condition. In order to understand the erosion behavior and erosion characteristics of arc contact under this working condition, the reliable basis is provided for improving the selection of arc contact materials for special circuit breakers and the design of the structure and operation characteristics of the interrupter. Through the analysis of arc contact erosion, it is considered that closing erosion is different from breaking erosion. The former includes two physical processes: arc pre-breakdown ablation and back-arc friction and wear. Based on this, the experiments of arc contact closing erosion and arc contact arc ablation are designed to study the characteristics of arc contact closing erosion under different experimental conditions, and the effects of these two processes on arc contact are distinguished. The optimum selection experiment of arc contact materials is designed, the advantages and disadvantages of typical arc contact materials are compared, and the possible improvement methods for arc contact are put forward. According to the characteristics of arc contact closing erosion and the microstructure of arc contact after closing erosion, a calculation model of arc contact failure number is proposed based on the two failure modes of arc rebreakdown and main arc contact operation. The results show that due to the existence of back-arc friction and wear process, the outer framework of the protective arc contact is partly rubbed off, so the closing erosion under capacitive condition is more serious than that of the breaking erosion, and when the arc is ablating, the closing erosion is more serious than the breaking erosion. The mass loss of arc contact is determined by the arc energy, and the pre-breakdown arc ablation will have a great influence on the process of back-arc friction and wear, and the process of back-arc friction and wear plays a leading role when the arc energy is small and larger. The arc ablation process has a great influence on the whole erosion amount in a certain range, the arc contact plays a leading role in the case of low speed closing, and the impact force in the case of high speed closing, the arc contact plays a leading role in the case of low speed closing, and the arc contact energy plays a leading role in the case of low speed closing and high speed closing. The manufacturing process of arc contact and its control will affect the corrosion resistance of arc contact to a certain extent.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM561
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