染料敏化太阳能电池新型对电极材料的结构可控设计与应用
发布时间：2018-08-27 14:45
【摘要】：染料敏化太阳能电池(Dye-sensitized Solar Cell, DSCs)因其理论光电转换效率高、制备工艺简单、成本低廉、环境友好等优点成为近二十年的研究热点,具有广阔的应用前景。对电极是染料敏化太阳能电池的重要组成部分,具有收集外电路电子与催化还原I3-离子的作用。贵金属铂因其优良的催化活性、导电能力、化学稳定性,一直是最常使用的对电极材料。由于铂的储量有限、价格昂贵,在一定程度上增加了电池的制作成本,必然会制约染料敏化太阳能电池以后的推广应用。因此对传统的铂对电极进行修饰优化以提高其催化活性；探索材料来源丰富、价格低廉、催化活性高的替代材料对于染料敏化太阳能电池有重大的意义。本文制备了具有光反射性能的铂薄膜通过与传统的铂对电极进行比较,研究其对电池光电性能方面的影响；采用简易的湿化学法制备微量N掺杂的In2O3并探索其对I-/I3-氧化还原电对的催化性能。本论文所得到的主要结论如下： (1)在低温条件下采用原位生长的方法于FTO导电玻璃基底上沉积一层具有金属光泽、较高光反射性的铂薄膜,与传统的铂对电极相比它与基底结合性更好,表面更致密。在染料敏化太阳能电池体系中,铂镜对电极表现出更高的催化活性,光电转换效率达7.49%,光电流密度达到18.50mA cm-2。相对于传统的铂对电极效率和电流密度分别提升了18.5%和15.3%。 (2)采用硝酸铟分解合成少量N掺杂的In2O3纳米晶,硝酸铟作为反应物同时也提供氮源。N-In2O3作为对电极材料应用于染料敏化太阳能电池中得到了7.78%的光电转换效率,而未掺杂的In2O3对电极所得电池的效率只有0.96%。电化学阻抗EIS、循环伏安特性、塔菲尔等测试表明少量N元素的掺杂使本征惰性的In2O3具有较高的催化活性。
[Abstract]:Dye-sensitized solar cell (Dye-sensitized Solar Cell, DSCs) has become a research hotspot in recent 20 years because of its advantages of high theoretical photoelectric conversion efficiency, simple preparation process, low cost and environmental friendliness, and has a broad application prospect. Pair electrode is an important component of dye sensitized solar cells, which has the function of collecting external circuit electrons and catalyzing the reduction of I 3- ions. Due to its excellent catalytic activity, conductivity and chemical stability, precious metal platinum has always been the most commonly used counter electrode material. Due to the limited reserves and high price of platinum, the production cost of solar cells is increased to a certain extent, which will inevitably restrict the popularization and application of dye sensitized solar cells in the future. Therefore, it is of great significance for dye sensitized solar cells to modify and optimize the traditional platinum electrode in order to improve its catalytic activity, and to explore alternative materials with rich sources, low cost and high catalytic activity for dye sensitized solar cells. In this paper, the effect of platinum thin film with photoreflectivity on the photovoltaic performance of the battery was studied by comparing with the traditional platinum counter electrode. A simple wet chemical method was used to prepare microamounts of N-doped In2O3 and its catalytic properties for I-R / I3- redox electric pairs were investigated. The main conclusions obtained in this thesis are as follows: (1) the platinum thin films with metallic gloss and high light reflectivity were deposited on FTO conductive glass substrate by in situ growth at low temperature. Compared with traditional platinum opposite electrode, it has better binding to substrate and denser surface. In the dye sensitized solar cell system, the platinum mirror exhibits higher catalytic activity to the electrode, the photoelectric conversion efficiency reaches 7.49 and the photocurrent density reaches 18.50mA cm-2.. Compared with the conventional platinum pair electrode, the efficiency and current density of the platinum pair electrode were increased by 18.5% and 15.33%, respectively. (2) A small amount of N-doped In2O3 nanocrystals were synthesized by indium nitrate decomposition. Indium nitrate as reactant also provides nitrogen source. N-In2O3 is used as counter electrode material to obtain 7.78% photoconversion efficiency in dye sensitized solar cells, while the efficiency of undoped In2O3 is only 0.96% for the electrode. Electrochemical impedance EIS, cyclic voltammetry measurements showed that a small amount of N doping made the intrinsic inert In2O3 have higher catalytic activity.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM914.4
本文编号：2207601
[Abstract]:Dye-sensitized solar cell (Dye-sensitized Solar Cell, DSCs) has become a research hotspot in recent 20 years because of its advantages of high theoretical photoelectric conversion efficiency, simple preparation process, low cost and environmental friendliness, and has a broad application prospect. Pair electrode is an important component of dye sensitized solar cells, which has the function of collecting external circuit electrons and catalyzing the reduction of I 3- ions. Due to its excellent catalytic activity, conductivity and chemical stability, precious metal platinum has always been the most commonly used counter electrode material. Due to the limited reserves and high price of platinum, the production cost of solar cells is increased to a certain extent, which will inevitably restrict the popularization and application of dye sensitized solar cells in the future. Therefore, it is of great significance for dye sensitized solar cells to modify and optimize the traditional platinum electrode in order to improve its catalytic activity, and to explore alternative materials with rich sources, low cost and high catalytic activity for dye sensitized solar cells. In this paper, the effect of platinum thin film with photoreflectivity on the photovoltaic performance of the battery was studied by comparing with the traditional platinum counter electrode. A simple wet chemical method was used to prepare microamounts of N-doped In2O3 and its catalytic properties for I-R / I3- redox electric pairs were investigated. The main conclusions obtained in this thesis are as follows: (1) the platinum thin films with metallic gloss and high light reflectivity were deposited on FTO conductive glass substrate by in situ growth at low temperature. Compared with traditional platinum opposite electrode, it has better binding to substrate and denser surface. In the dye sensitized solar cell system, the platinum mirror exhibits higher catalytic activity to the electrode, the photoelectric conversion efficiency reaches 7.49 and the photocurrent density reaches 18.50mA cm-2.. Compared with the conventional platinum pair electrode, the efficiency and current density of the platinum pair electrode were increased by 18.5% and 15.33%, respectively. (2) A small amount of N-doped In2O3 nanocrystals were synthesized by indium nitrate decomposition. Indium nitrate as reactant also provides nitrogen source. N-In2O3 is used as counter electrode material to obtain 7.78% photoconversion efficiency in dye sensitized solar cells, while the efficiency of undoped In2O3 is only 0.96% for the electrode. Electrochemical impedance EIS, cyclic voltammetry measurements showed that a small amount of N doping made the intrinsic inert In2O3 have higher catalytic activity.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM914.4
【参考文献】
中国期刊全文数据库 前1条
1 吴理博;刘建政;王健;赵争鸣;;电力电子在太阳能路灯照明系统中的应用[J];电力电子;2003年02期
，本文编号：2207601
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