应用于改善风电并网特性的储能集群控制系统研究与设计

发布时间：2018-08-27 13:17

【摘要】：随着化石能源资源供应的日益紧张,大规模开发利用新能源和可再生能源,对保障能源稳定供应、调整能源结构、保护生态环境、减少温室气体排放、带动经济转型和产业升级具有重要意义。储能系统因其具有灵活的控制功率输出的能力,因此可以解决可再生能源发电的间歇性和随机波动性问题,缓解高峰负荷供电的需求,提高现有电网设备的利用率和电网运行效率,还可以用来应对电网的突发性故障,提高电能质量,满足经济社会发展对优质、安全、可靠供电的要求。因此,研究应用于改善风电并网特性的储能集群控制系统对风力发电的并网具有十分重要的意义。本文针对改善风电并网的问题,主要进行了如下研究工作： (1)本文针对目前风电并网存在的问题,提出了改善风电功率波动性的措施和抑制次同步谐振的措施,以使风电能够更好的并入电力系统,缓解能源危机。储能技术因其具备快速的功率控制的优点,被广泛应用于各个领域,主要包括应用于解决可再生能源和分布式发电、智能电网、微电网、电动汽车以及国防等领域。因此本文应用储能平抑风电功率波动,采用变时间常数一阶滤波平抑波动算法,考虑了两时间尺度风电平抑波动指标,算例仿真分析验证了该算法的合理性,达到了用较少的储能平抑风电功率波动的目的。同时本文研究了风电经串联补偿线路并网的次同步谐振问题,并提出了在双馈异步风机(doubly fed induction generators,DFIG)转子侧附加次同步谐振阻尼控制器来抑制次同步谐振,接着通过算例仿真验证了该控制器能够有效地抑制SSR振荡。 (2)针对本文对改善风电并网措施的理论研究,开发了储能集群控制系统。该系统主要由中央控制中心、监控保护一体化智能终端设备、后台监视软件构成。该系统的核心设备是监控保护一体化智能终端设备。该智能终端设备具有双核处理器(ARM+DSP),性能良好,并且具有良好的可扩展性。智能终端设备具有Linux操作系统,因此可以基于该智能终端设备灵活开发应用功能。 (3)主要进行了储能集群控制系统的实验室验证。首先搭建了实验室系统,包括锂电池储能系统、功率变换器(PCS)、风电模拟输入设备、储能集群控制系统构成,接着进行储能集群控制系统的平抑功率波动功能的验证。验证结果表明：1)由于PCS损耗、测量误差的影响,导致测试值与指令值有一定的误差,同时影响平抑效果：2)无论是1秒,3秒,还是10秒一次风功率值,指标都不能够完全满足每分钟2%,但是随着时间的推移该指标也能够完全满足；3)随着风功率时间间隔的增大,平抑效果有明显的改善,这是因为储能电池的响应时间会影响指令的执行,但是,随着采样时间间隔的增大,所需要的储能容量增加,会相应的增加投资成本。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly tight supply of fossil energy resources, the large-scale development and utilization of new and renewable energy sources will ensure a stable supply of energy, adjust the energy structure, protect the ecological environment, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Drive economy transition and industry upgrade have important meaning. Because of its flexible ability to control power output, energy storage systems can solve the intermittent and random volatility problems of renewable energy generation and alleviate the demand of peak load power supply. It can also be used to deal with the sudden fault of the power network, improve the power quality and meet the requirements of economic and social development for high quality, safe and reliable power supply. Therefore, it is very important for wind power generation to study the energy storage cluster control system which is applied to improve the characteristics of wind power grid connection. Aiming at the problem of improving wind power grid connection, the main research work is as follows: (1) aiming at the problems existing in wind power grid connection at present, the paper puts forward some measures to improve the fluctuation of wind power and to restrain sub-synchronous resonance. So that wind power can be better integrated into the power system, to alleviate the energy crisis. Energy storage technology has been widely used in many fields due to its advantages of fast power control, including renewable energy and distributed generation, smart grid, microgrid, electric vehicle and national defense. Therefore, in this paper, the energy storage is used to stabilize the wind power fluctuation, and the variable time constant first order filter is used to suppress the fluctuation. The two-time scale wind power fluctuation control index is considered. The simulation results show that the algorithm is reasonable. The purpose of reducing the fluctuation of wind power with less energy storage is achieved. At the same time, this paper studies the sub-synchronous resonance problem of wind power connected to the grid through a series compensation line, and proposes an additional sub-synchronous resonance damping controller on the rotor side of a doubly-fed asynchronous fan (doubly fed induction generators,DFIG) to suppress the sub-synchronous resonance. Then the simulation results show that the controller can suppress the SSR oscillation effectively. (2) aiming at the theoretical research of improving wind power grid connection, the energy storage cluster control system is developed. The system is mainly composed of central control center, intelligent terminal equipment of integrated monitoring and protection, and background monitoring software. The core equipment of this system is the intelligent terminal equipment of the integration of monitoring and protection. The intelligent terminal device has good performance of dual core processor (ARM DSP),) and good expansibility. The intelligent terminal equipment has Linux operating system, so it can flexibly develop the application function based on the intelligent terminal device. (3) the laboratory verification of the energy storage cluster control system is mainly carried out. Firstly, the laboratory system is built, including the lithium battery energy storage system, the power converter (PCS), wind power analog input equipment, the energy storage cluster control system, and then the power fluctuation function of the energy storage cluster control system is verified. The results show that: 1) because of the influence of PCS loss and measurement error, there is a certain error between the test value and the instruction value, and at the same time, it affects the stabilizing effect: 1 second, 3 second, or 10 second wind power value. None of the indicators can completely meet the requirement of 2 / min, but as time goes on the index can also be fully satisfied.) with the increase of the time interval of wind power, there is a significant improvement in the calming effect. This is because the response time of the energy storage battery will affect the execution of the instruction, but with the increase of the sampling time interval, the required energy storage capacity will increase, which will increase the investment cost.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM614

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