热电池新型电极材料的应用研究

发布时间：2018-09-01 19:18

【摘要】：论文主要明确锂和镍的合金（LAN）负极材料的特性，使LAN作为负极在热电池中达到工程应用阶段；还研究了钒复合氧化物（LVO）用作热电池正极材料实现工程化应用的可行性，并就添加剂对LVO电性能的影响进行研究；探讨了钒碳氧（VOC）材料用作热电池正极材料的可行性。 通过浸渗法制备了LAN极材料；使用60V（120A）负载器以及放电数据采集器，试验测试它的电化学性能情况；使用离心机，进行了试验电池离心加速度试验。 利用溴化锂和氧化钒反应生成二氧化钒和锂钒氧（LiV2O5+4VO2）来制备成分为钒复合氧化物的LVO材料；用XRD、TGA、DTA、SEM、DSC，使用负载器60V（120A），放电数据采集器等技术手段，测试了钒的复合氧化物正极材料LVO的性能。 本论文研究了成分为15wt%Li-Ni的LAN负极；同时还与44.32wt%Li的LiSi合金和31wt%Li的LiAl合金作了对比。结果表明：LAN负极电极电位与锂硅合金、锂铝合金相比更负，LAN与FeS2正极配对时工作电压更高，具体情况如：开路电压ELANE锂铝合金E锂硅合金；同时LAN负极大电流放电能力很强，它的脉冲输出能力均大于锂硅合金和锂铝合金，同样脉冲下限电压呈现：锂硅合金小于锂铝合金，锂铝合金小于LAN的特点；电池在激活负载较大时，LAN电极材料作为负极，热电池的激活时间较短，同样情况，激活时间呈现：锂硅合金长于锂铝合金，锂铝合金长于LAN的特点；电池在电流密度很大的条件下放电，LAN作为负极材料表现出较高的利用率，呈现以下特征：η锂硅合金η锂铝合金ηLAN。匹配设计合理的电池结构，LAN负极材料做成的电池，试验结果表明在电池径向加上2100m/s2离心加速度作用下能够平稳放电，电池的电压波动能够满足工程的需求。 钒的复合氧化物材料LVO成份为（LiV2O5加4VO2），该种材料的热稳定性很高可以达到700℃。LVO的结构主要是由大量结晶度很高的块状和片状物体自称，经过观察其片状直径约为10μm；在材料中间还杂有很多细小的棉絮形状的材料。LVO材料作为正极，应该添加导电添加剂，，本文采用的是大于0.16μm小于0.71μm范围内的Ag粉和LiF·LiCl·LiBr组成的电解质盐。与LVO正极材料适宜采用LiF·LiCl·LiBr添加氧化镁组成的电解质。 使用氧化镁电解质LiF·LiCl·LiBr，并添加14wt%左右的银粉（0.16μmD0.71μm），当电池的I密度600mA/cm2， LVO作为正极的电池，在电压大于1.7V时，其平均容量输出大于120.0mAh/g；当I密度400mA/cm2，电池不加负载的电压是2.43V，加载后电压降到2.32V，相比较FeS2作为正极的电池，在同样条件下测得的电压（2.03V）高0.4V左右。另外VOC以及LVO材料中禁止使用胶体石墨和超细镍粉作导电添加剂，因为这些采用可与正极发生有副反应。添加合适的导电添加剂，并配以适宜的电解质，LVO可以作为短时间工作、容量相对较小但电压要求较高或者体积尺寸要求较小的工程项目。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the characteristics of lithium and nickel alloy (LAN) anode materials are clarified, and the engineering application of LAN as negative electrode in thermal battery is studied, and the feasibility of using vanadium compound oxide (LVO) as cathode material of thermal battery to realize engineering application is also studied. The effect of additives on the electrical properties of LVO was studied, and the feasibility of using vanadium carbon-oxygen (VOC) as cathode material for thermal battery was discussed. The LAN electrode material was prepared by infiltration method. The electrochemical performance of the material was tested by using 60V (120A) loader and discharge data collector, and the centrifugal acceleration test of the battery was carried out using centrifuge. Vanadium oxide and lithium vanadium oxide (LiV2O5 4VO2) were synthesized by the reaction of lithium bromide and vanadium oxide to prepare LVO materials with vanadium compound oxide, and the loading device 60V (120A) and discharge data collector were used by XRD,TGA,DTA,SEM,DSC,. The properties of vanadium composite oxide cathode material LVO were tested. In this paper, the LAN negative electrode with 15wt%Li-Ni composition is studied and compared with the LiSi alloy of 44.32wt%Li and the LiAl alloy of 31wt%Li. The results show that the working voltage of the negative electrode potential of the FeS2 alloy is higher than that of the lithium alloy and the lithium aluminum alloy, such as the open circuit voltage ELANE aluminum alloy E lithium silicon alloy, and the negative maximum current discharge capacity of LAN is very strong. Its pulse output ability is larger than that of lithium silicon alloy and lithium aluminum alloy, and the lower pulse voltage of lithium silicon alloy is smaller than that of lithium aluminum alloy and lithium aluminum alloy is smaller than LAN. The activation time of thermal battery is shorter. In the same situation, the activation time of lithium silicon alloy is longer than that of lithium aluminum alloy, and lithium aluminum alloy is longer than LAN. The following features are presented: 畏 Li Si alloy 畏 Li Al alloy 畏 LAN. The experimental results show that the battery can discharge smoothly under the action of radial and 2100m/s2 centrifugal acceleration, and the voltage fluctuation of the battery can meet the requirements of engineering. The composition of vanadium composite oxide material LVO is (LiV2O5 + 4VO2). The structure of the compound oxide material can reach 700 鈩

本文编号：2218106