基于混合位置估算的无传感永磁同步电机控制研究

发布时间：2018-09-18 11:41

【摘要】：永磁同步电机(PMSM)由于其小体积、低损耗、高效率等优势,在伺服控制系统中已得到越来越多的应用。对于永磁同步电机的控制,无传感位置检测控制技术虽然能够解决传统的基于高精度传感器所带来的成本增高、体积增大、可靠性降低等缺点,但仍存在电机参数依赖性大、高速和低速区域不能通用等不足。针对这些问题,本文基于定向磁场控制(FOC)理论,设计了一套基于混合位置估算的无传感永磁同步电机控制系统,实现了永磁同步电机在全速度区域内的无传感控制。主要研究内容包括:(1)根据永磁同步电机的结构和特性,建立了无传感永磁同步电机的数学模型,构建了基于定向磁场控制的矢量控制系统,实现了对电机的解耦控制。重点针对空间矢量调制(SVPWM)进行了详细推导和设计。(2)结合高频信号注入法和模型参考自适应法位置估算,提出了一种混合位置估算策略,建立了线性加权系数组合方法,实现了速度过渡切换区域内的平稳过渡,完成了对包括零速在内的全速度区域位置精确估算。(3)设计了高频信号注入法和模型参考自适应法位置估算的仿真模型,并对结果进行分析对比,对无传感永磁同步电机位置估算混合控制策略进行仿真实验,一结果表明了混合控制策略的可行性和稳定性一。(4)完成了无传感控制系统的硬件和软件详细设计,并将其应用到实际项目中,通过项目平台实验测试,实现了对无传感永磁同步电机的恒转矩和恒转速控制,以及电机在全速度区域内的高精度位置估算。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) (PMSM) has been widely used in servo control system due to its advantages of small volume, low loss and high efficiency. For the control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), the sensorless position detection control technology can solve the disadvantages of the traditional sensor based on high precision, such as higher cost, larger volume and lower reliability, but there is still a large dependence on the parameters of the motor. High-speed and low-speed regions can not be universal and so on. Aiming at these problems, based on the (FOC) theory of directional magnetic field control, a sensorless PMSM control system based on hybrid position estimation is designed in this paper, and the sensorless control of PMSM in full speed range is realized. The main research contents are as follows: (1) according to the structure and characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motor, the mathematical model of sensorless permanent magnet synchronous motor is established, and the vector control system based on directional magnetic field control is constructed, and the decoupling control of the motor is realized. The emphasis is on the derivation and design of space vector modulation (SVPWM). (2) combining the high frequency signal injection method and the model reference adaptive method, a hybrid position estimation strategy is proposed, and the linear weighting coefficient combination method is established. The smooth transition in the speed transition switching region is realized, and the accurate position estimation of the whole speed region including zero velocity is completed. (3) the simulation models of the high frequency signal injection method and the model reference adaptive method are designed. The results are analyzed and compared, and the hybrid control strategy for position estimation of sensorless permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is simulated. The results show that the hybrid control strategy is feasible and stable. (4) the hardware and software of the sensorless control system are designed in detail and applied to the actual project. The constant torque and speed control of sensorless permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and the high precision position estimation of PMSM in full speed range are realized.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM341

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