适用于微网储能的磁悬浮飞轮电池结构优化设计与仿真
发布时间：2018-09-18 16:37
【摘要】：微电网能够有效缓解传统电力工业在能源和环境危机中面临的巨大压力。但是发电、用电错时中造成的能量损失以及分布式电源的不稳定性对微网的应用效果影响巨大。因此微网中的储能装置需具备大容量及良好的快速充放电特性。磁悬浮飞轮电池具有储能密度高、无污染、充放电快速以及无充放电次数限制等其它储能装置所不能比拟的优点而非常适用于微网储能。但相比在其它领域应用,微网中的磁悬浮飞轮电池需具备更稳定的动态特性、更高的能量密度以及更低的系统功耗。为了实现这一目标,本文在磁悬浮飞轮电池的结构方面展开了研究并对其进行了优化设计。首先,研究了磁悬浮飞轮电池的支承系统。在研究的基础上,建立了磁悬浮轴承的数学模型来研究分析其磁力、刚度和阻尼特性。通过对这些特性的参数分析,为之后的磁悬浮飞轮转子的研究以及今后控制器的设计奠定理论基础。其次,通过建立典型磁悬浮飞轮转子的运动方程来研究转子的动力学特性。并在此基础上运用有限元软件SAMCEF ROTOR对飞轮转子进行动力学仿真分析。首先分析得到的自由状态下转子的模态频率和模态振型,然后根据其模态分析了磁悬浮轴承的支撑刚度、支撑跨度、支撑轴承个数、转子轴伸长度以及转子本身的结构参数对飞轮转子的临界转速和模态的影响,为之后设计适用于微网储能飞轮的转子提供参考。此外,本文还分析了典型飞轮转子在不同的加速过程中,受到不平衡载荷时的位移瞬态响应,重点分析了不同加速度对转子位移瞬态响应的影响,为电机的控制和加速方案设计提供参考,使飞轮具有更稳定的动态特性。接着,按照微网对磁悬浮储能飞轮电池的要求,结合之前支承系统及转子动力学特性的研究结论,提出以单个飞轮电池最大储能量3.75㈣为设计基础,以飞轮的质量体积综合能量密度为优化目标,以飞轮的极限转速低于弯曲临界转速,使飞轮始终工作在刚性状态为设计目标,优化设计了飞轮结构、轴向混合磁悬浮轴承以及一种新型径向Halbach混合磁悬浮轴承。并将飞轮和轴承结合,设计了一种新型支承结构,实现整个飞轮电池仅靠一个径向混合磁悬浮轴承和一个轴向混合磁悬浮磁轴承支撑,使支撑结构非常紧凑,达到减小系统体积和重量、缩短飞轮转子轴向长度、减小系统功耗、大幅度提高飞轮弯曲临界转速的目的。最后,通过ANSOFT Maxwell软件对设计的磁轴承进行磁路仿真和运动耦合性分析,验证磁轴承设计的合理性。通过SAMCEF ROTOR软件分析转子的临界转速及相应的模态来验证整个支承系统设计的合理性。
[Abstract]:Microgrid can effectively relieve the great pressure of traditional power industry in the energy and environmental crisis. However, the energy loss caused by power generation and power stagger and the instability of distributed power have great influence on the application effect of microgrid. Therefore, the energy storage device in the microgrid should have large capacity and good rapid charge and discharge characteristics. Maglev flywheel batteries have the advantages of high energy storage density, no pollution, fast charging and discharging, and no limit of charge and discharge times, and so on, so they are very suitable for microgrid energy storage. However, compared with other applications, maglev flywheel batteries in microgrids need more stable dynamic characteristics, higher energy density and lower system power consumption. In order to achieve this goal, the structure of maglev flywheel battery is studied and optimized. Firstly, the supporting system of maglev flywheel battery is studied. On the basis of the research, a mathematical model of magnetic bearing is established to study and analyze its magnetic force, stiffness and damping characteristics. Through the analysis of the parameters of these characteristics, the theoretical foundation is established for the research of the maglev flywheel rotor and the design of the controller in the future. Secondly, the dynamic characteristics of the rotor are studied by establishing the motion equation of the typical maglev flywheel rotor. On this basis, the finite element software SAMCEF ROTOR is used to analyze the dynamics of flywheel rotor. The modal frequencies and modal modes of the rotor in free state are analyzed firstly, and then the supporting stiffness, support span and the number of supporting bearings are analyzed according to their modes. The influence of rotor shaft elongation and rotor structure parameters on the critical speed and mode of flywheel rotor provides a reference for the design of micro-grid flywheel rotor. In addition, the transient displacement response of a typical flywheel rotor subjected to unbalanced loads during different acceleration processes is analyzed, and the effect of different accelerations on the transient displacement response of the rotor is analyzed. It provides reference for the design of motor control and acceleration scheme, and makes the flywheel have more stable dynamic characteristics. Then, according to the requirement of microgrid for maglev energy storage flywheel battery, combined with the research conclusions of the former supporting system and rotor dynamic characteristics, the design base of the single flywheel battery with maximum energy storage 3.75 (4) is put forward. The flywheel structure is optimized by taking the mass and volume comprehensive energy density of the flywheel as the optimization objective, and the limit speed of the flywheel being lower than the critical bending speed, so that the flywheel will always work in the rigid state. Axial hybrid magnetic bearing and a new radial Halbach hybrid magnetic bearing. A new supporting structure is designed by combining the flywheel and the bearing. The whole flywheel battery is supported only by one radial hybrid magnetic bearing and one axial hybrid magnetic bearing, which makes the supporting structure very compact. It can reduce the volume and weight of the system, shorten the axial length of the flywheel rotor, reduce the power consumption of the system, and increase the critical speed of the flywheel bending greatly. Finally, the magnetic circuit simulation and motion coupling analysis of the magnetic bearing are carried out by ANSOFT Maxwell software to verify the rationality of the magnetic bearing design. The rationality of the design of the whole supporting system is verified by analyzing the critical speed and the corresponding modes of the rotor by SAMCEF ROTOR software.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM910.3
，
本文编号：2248496
[Abstract]:Microgrid can effectively relieve the great pressure of traditional power industry in the energy and environmental crisis. However, the energy loss caused by power generation and power stagger and the instability of distributed power have great influence on the application effect of microgrid. Therefore, the energy storage device in the microgrid should have large capacity and good rapid charge and discharge characteristics. Maglev flywheel batteries have the advantages of high energy storage density, no pollution, fast charging and discharging, and no limit of charge and discharge times, and so on, so they are very suitable for microgrid energy storage. However, compared with other applications, maglev flywheel batteries in microgrids need more stable dynamic characteristics, higher energy density and lower system power consumption. In order to achieve this goal, the structure of maglev flywheel battery is studied and optimized. Firstly, the supporting system of maglev flywheel battery is studied. On the basis of the research, a mathematical model of magnetic bearing is established to study and analyze its magnetic force, stiffness and damping characteristics. Through the analysis of the parameters of these characteristics, the theoretical foundation is established for the research of the maglev flywheel rotor and the design of the controller in the future. Secondly, the dynamic characteristics of the rotor are studied by establishing the motion equation of the typical maglev flywheel rotor. On this basis, the finite element software SAMCEF ROTOR is used to analyze the dynamics of flywheel rotor. The modal frequencies and modal modes of the rotor in free state are analyzed firstly, and then the supporting stiffness, support span and the number of supporting bearings are analyzed according to their modes. The influence of rotor shaft elongation and rotor structure parameters on the critical speed and mode of flywheel rotor provides a reference for the design of micro-grid flywheel rotor. In addition, the transient displacement response of a typical flywheel rotor subjected to unbalanced loads during different acceleration processes is analyzed, and the effect of different accelerations on the transient displacement response of the rotor is analyzed. It provides reference for the design of motor control and acceleration scheme, and makes the flywheel have more stable dynamic characteristics. Then, according to the requirement of microgrid for maglev energy storage flywheel battery, combined with the research conclusions of the former supporting system and rotor dynamic characteristics, the design base of the single flywheel battery with maximum energy storage 3.75 (4) is put forward. The flywheel structure is optimized by taking the mass and volume comprehensive energy density of the flywheel as the optimization objective, and the limit speed of the flywheel being lower than the critical bending speed, so that the flywheel will always work in the rigid state. Axial hybrid magnetic bearing and a new radial Halbach hybrid magnetic bearing. A new supporting structure is designed by combining the flywheel and the bearing. The whole flywheel battery is supported only by one radial hybrid magnetic bearing and one axial hybrid magnetic bearing, which makes the supporting structure very compact. It can reduce the volume and weight of the system, shorten the axial length of the flywheel rotor, reduce the power consumption of the system, and increase the critical speed of the flywheel bending greatly. Finally, the magnetic circuit simulation and motion coupling analysis of the magnetic bearing are carried out by ANSOFT Maxwell software to verify the rationality of the magnetic bearing design. The rationality of the design of the whole supporting system is verified by analyzing the critical speed and the corresponding modes of the rotor by SAMCEF ROTOR software.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM910.3
，
本文编号：2248496
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