基于MODBUS协议的电力仪表监控系统

发布时间：2018-10-16 16:02

【摘要】：近年来,随着电网的不断改造和发展,企业用电和家庭用电也在逐步优化。当前,工矿企业需要一款智能仪表,实时监测电网中的电压电流功率值,以保证生产过程中设备能够可靠运行。基于MODBUS协议的电力仪表监控系统很好地解决了上述问题。该系统主要包括四个模块—多功能仪表、自动校准软件、PC上位机软件、监控主机。多功能仪表基于ATmega32单片机,采用ATT7022采样芯片,可实时显示电压、电流、功率、电能、频率以及功率因数。仪表有总线通讯功能,可单独使用,也可与主机配合使用。每台仪表在出厂前都需要校准,传统的校准方法是采用人工校准,精度低、速度慢,自动校准软件通过串口读写数据,后台计算,可使校准速度提高十倍以上。该软件采用分段校准,仪表的测量精度可达0.3级。基于VC的上位机管理软件是对多个下位机节点进行综合管理。通过RS-485总线与下位机进行数据交换,上位机软件有实时显示电参量、远程设置参数、电能清零等功能。监控主机基于PIC24单片机,对多个下位机仪表进行实时监控。当任何一个仪表电压电流或功率超限时,监控主机均会产生报警信号,并将报警时间、报警源、报警内容等信息永久记录。自身电源故障或通讯故障时,主机也会产生相应的故障信号,故障排除后,故障信号自动消失。报警信号必须手动切除或者复位。除了基本的报警和报故障功能外,监控主机还集成了电费复费率及远程抄表功能,即电能分时累积,费率手动设置,电费自动结算,详细信息打印。人机交互部分,监控主机采用按键输入,液晶屏和LED灯显示,并有语音输出。电源部分,有市电和备用电池两部分,并可实现主备电自动切换。系统从原始数据采集到数据处理与数据传输,再到数据输出与统计记录全部智能化、系统化,解决了采集难、误差大、效率低等问题。电力仪表监控系统不仅可以用于整个工厂或车间,也可以用于单个设备的测量和监控。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous transformation and development of power grid, enterprise and household power consumption is gradually optimized. At present, industrial and mining enterprises need an intelligent instrument to monitor the power value of voltage and current in the power network in real time, so as to ensure the reliable operation of the equipment in the production process. The power instrument monitoring system based on MODBUS protocol solves the above problems well. The system consists of four modules: multi-function instrument, automatic calibration software, PC host computer software and monitor host computer. The multifunction instrument is based on ATmega32 single chip computer and ATT7022 sampling chip. It can display voltage, current, power, frequency and power factor in real time. The instrument has bus communication function, can be used separately, also can cooperate with the main machine. Each instrument needs to be calibrated before it leaves the factory. The traditional calibration method is manual calibration, which has low precision and slow speed. The automatic calibration software can read and write data through serial port, and the backstage calculation can increase the calibration speed by more than ten times. The software is calibrated by stages, and the measuring precision of the instrument can reach 0.3 grade. The upper computer management software based on VC is integrated management of multiple lower computer nodes. Through the data exchange between the RS-485 bus and the lower computer, the upper computer software has the functions of displaying the electric parameters in real time, setting the parameters remotely, clearing out the electric energy, and so on. The monitor host is based on PIC24 single-chip computer to monitor several lower computer instruments in real time. When the voltage, current or power of any instrument exceeds the limit, the monitor host will produce alarm signal, and record the alarm time, alarm source, alarm content and other information permanently. When the power supply fault or communication failure, the host will also produce the corresponding fault signal, after the fault elimination, the fault signal will disappear automatically. Alarm signals must be removed or reset manually. In addition to the basic alarm and fault reporting functions, the monitoring host also integrates the power rate recovery rate and remote meter reading function, that is, electricity time sharing accumulation, rate manual setting, electricity automatic settlement, detailed information printing. In the part of man-machine interaction, the monitoring host adopts keystroke input, LCD screen and LED lamp display, and has voice output. The power supply part has two parts of power supply and backup battery, and can realize the automatic switch of main and standby power. The system from raw data acquisition to data processing and data transmission, to data output and statistical records are all intelligent, systematic, to solve the problems of difficult acquisition, large error, low efficiency and so on. The power meter monitoring system can be used not only in the whole factory or workshop, but also in the measurement and monitoring of single equipment.
【学位授予单位】：杭州电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM76

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