负极碳添加剂对铅酸蓄电池性能影响及其机理研究

发布时间：2018-10-19 11:28

【摘要】：铅酸蓄电池在混合电动车使用过程中,负极表面容易硫酸盐化,导致电解液无法扩散至极板内部,使电池失效。通过在负极中加入碳添加剂能有效抑制负极板硫酸盐化。本文主要研究了不同种类的碳材料对电池的充电接受能力,在常温和低温下的不同倍率放电性能以及电池在HRPSoC下循环寿命的影响。得到以下结论：本文选用了四种碳材料：炭黑、膨胀石墨、鳞片石墨、胶体石墨。通过测试不同含碳铅粉的电导率,研究不同碳对极板电导率的影响。结果表明：碳材料改善极板电导率的能力大小为：炭黑鳞片石墨膨胀石墨胶体石墨。通过在负极板中添加不同种类不同比例的碳材料,进行充电性能测试,研究不同碳对电池充电接受能力的影响。结果表明：负极板炭黑含量较少时,最有利于改善电池充电性能；而石墨类碳材料含量较大时才能更好地改善电池充电性能。将充足电的电池分别在25℃下进行2h率、2C放电测试以及在O-C下进行1C、2C放电测试,研究不同碳添加剂对电池在常温、低温下不同倍率放电性能的影响。结果表明：负极板中分别添加一定量的炭黑、膨胀石墨、鳞片石墨、胶体石墨,电池在常温下的2h率及2C率放电容量最大提升幅度分别为18.2%、22.5%、11.1%、6.85%和28.4%、29.0%、30.9%、19.5%。在低温下,过多的碳材料反而会使活性物质的孔径变小,不利于电解液的扩散。结果表明：负极板中添加炭黑、膨胀石墨、鳞片石墨、胶体石墨,电池在低温下的1C、2C放电容量最大提升幅度分别为23.6%、21.3%、33.0%、23.5%和26.1%、25.9%、20.7%、21.5%。将含不同碳的电池进行HRPSoC循环测试,研究不同碳对电池在HRPSoC下循环性能的影响。结果表明：负极板中添加炭黑、膨胀石墨有利于提高电池在HRPSoC下的循环寿命,最大循环次数分别达到12508次和11434次,是不含碳电池循环寿命的三倍；而添加鳞片石墨只能小幅度提高电池循环寿命,相比不含碳电池最多只能提高2000多次；负极板中添加胶体石墨并不能改善电池在HRPSoC下的循环性能,胶体石墨含量较少时反而会降低电池的循环寿命。
[Abstract]:During the use of hybrid electric vehicles, the surface of the anode is easily salinized with sulphuric acid, which leads to the electrolyte not diffusing into the plate, which makes the battery fail. The sulphation of negative plate can be effectively inhibited by adding carbon additive to the negative electrode. In this paper, the effects of different carbon materials on the charge acceptance of the battery, the discharge performance at different rates at room temperature and low temperature, and the cycle life of the battery under HRPSoC are studied. In this paper, four kinds of carbon materials were selected: carbon black, expanded graphite, flake graphite and colloidal graphite. The effect of different carbon on the conductivity of electrode plate was studied by measuring the conductivity of different carbon-bearing lead powder. The results show that the ability of carbon material to improve the conductivity of polar plate is as follows: carbon black flake graphite expanded graphite colloidal graphite. By adding different kinds of carbon materials to the anode plate and testing the charging performance, the effect of different carbon on the charge acceptance capacity of the battery was studied. The results show that the lower carbon black content of negative plate is the best to improve the charging performance of the battery, while the higher the carbon content of graphite is, the better the charging performance of the battery is. The effects of different carbon additives on the discharge performance of the batteries at room temperature and low temperature were studied by the 2 h rate, 2C discharge test and 1C C 2C discharge test at 25 鈩，

本文编号：2280984