基于谐波注入的五相永磁电机控制方法研究

发布时间：2018-11-18 08:03

【摘要】：近年来,舰船电力推进、电动汽车和多电飞机等行业迅速发展,对电机转矩、效率和容错运行能力等性能的要求越来越高,促使人们对新型特种电机进行进一步研究。控制、电力电子、传感器和微电子技术的发展,推动了多相永磁电机及其控制系统的应用。本文针对具有梯形波反电势的五相永磁电机,研究其谐波电流注入控制的方法,以及注入谐波电流对电机转矩的提升作用。首先,根据多相永磁电机特征,建立多相永磁电机在自然坐标系下的数学建模,并基于扩展派克变换得到电机的多维d-q模型。在此基础上,建立了多相永磁电机矢量控制系统,重点对电流控制策略进行了分析。其次,研究了电机控制系统中SVPWM控制策略。对五相SVPWM的空间电压矢量特征进行分析,分析了传统SVPWM策略的局限性。根据正交矢量多维SVPWM的特征,对一种改进的双d-q子空间SVPWM控制策略进行了研究,针对其不足之处,提出了改进措施。接着,基于TI公司的一款DSP(TMS320F28335),设计并开发了的多相永磁电机驱动控制器,对其硬件电路以及AD采样、PWM输出、电机转速检测等核心环节进行设计;对驱动器软件设计的主要环节,包括整体控制流程、电流坐标转换、空间矢量脉宽调制、SVPWM生成等进行了程序编写和调试。最后,对多相永磁电机控制系统进行了实验测试,验证了电机控制系统设计的合理性和算法的有效性。给定不同的谐波与基波电流幅值比,测量了电机的电流和转矩数据,结果表明,电机控制系统实现了对谐波电流的准确控制。同时,也对五相永磁同步电机电流中注入三次谐波,可提升转矩的效果进行了验证。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of ship electric propulsion, electric vehicle and multi-electric aircraft, the requirements of motor torque, efficiency and fault-tolerant operation ability are more and more high, which urges people to further study the new type of special motor. The development of control, power electronics, sensor and microelectronics technology has promoted the application of multiphase permanent magnet motor and its control system. In this paper, the method of harmonic current injection control and the effect of harmonic current injection on torque of five-phase permanent magnet motor with trapezoidal inverse EMF are studied. Firstly, according to the characteristics of the multi-phase permanent magnet motor, the mathematical model of the multi-phase permanent magnet motor in natural coordinate system is established, and the multi-dimensional d-q model of the motor is obtained based on the extended Parker transform. On this basis, the vector control system of multiphase permanent magnet motor is established, and the current control strategy is analyzed. Secondly, the SVPWM control strategy in motor control system is studied. The space voltage vector characteristics of five-phase SVPWM are analyzed, and the limitations of traditional SVPWM strategy are analyzed. According to the characteristics of orthogonal vector multidimensional SVPWM, an improved double d-q subspace SVPWM control strategy is studied. Then, based on a DSP (TMS320F28335) of TI Company, the multi-phase permanent magnet motor drive controller is designed and developed. The hardware circuit, AD sampling, PWM output, motor speed detection and other key links are designed. The main links of driver software design, including overall control flow, current coordinate conversion, space vector pulse width modulation and SVPWM generation, are programmed and debugged. Finally, the multiphase permanent magnet motor control system is tested, which verifies the rationality of the motor control system design and the validity of the algorithm. The current and torque data of the motor are measured with different amplitude ratio of harmonic to fundamental current. The results show that the motor control system can control the harmonic current accurately. At the same time, the effect of the third harmonic injection into the current of the five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), which can enhance the torque, is also verified.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM351

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