高速滑动电接触表面瞬态高温测量与分析研究

发布时间：2018-11-19 13:48

【摘要】：高速滑动电接触是一种动态电接触，，在高速电气化铁路系统、航空航天等领域有着广泛的应用。在动态电接触中，发生在接触区域的机械电气等物理现象极其复杂，接触表面温度作为描述滑动电接触状态的重要参数之一，对电接触性能及接触元件的摩擦磨损等有很大的影响。本文以高速滑动电接触为研究对象，针对电接触中的大电流、电磁场环境，重点研究了电接触表面的温度效应及基于红外辐射原理的瞬态高温测量技术，并利用高速滑动电接触试验机进行相关实验研究，根据实验结果，对接触表面进行热分析。本文针对高速滑动电接触中接触面温度效应问题，重点分析电流、摩擦及电弧对接触区域的热效应，并建立相关的数学模型。在此模型的基础上，对不同电流载荷下以及不同滑动距离下的温度信息进行了模拟仿真。探讨瞬态电流载荷对接触面温度效应的影响。对高速滑动过程中的电接触元件的高温状态进行了有限元仿真，给出了滑块与滑轨接触面的动态温度分布。在此基础上，基于热传导原理，对滑轨和滑块元件表面不同位置的温度场进行热分析，找出了接触面瞬态温度对接触元件的影响。本文针对高速滑动电接触中的电磁场环境，设计基于红外辐射原理的高温测量系统实现非接触测量，采用隔离转换技术，设计高速采集单元，实现瞬态信号的采集，增强系统的抗干扰能力。考虑高速滑动电接触中接触面温升可能的影响因素，制定相应的实验方案，并在高速滑动电接触试验机上进行电接触实验研究。对不同实验条件下的温度数据进行深入分析，表征了滑动电接触区域在瞬态大电流载荷下的温度特性。
[Abstract]:High speed sliding contact is a kind of dynamic electric contact, which is widely used in high-speed electrified railway system, aerospace and other fields. In dynamic electrical contact, the mechanical and electrical phenomena occurring in the contact area are very complicated, and the contact surface temperature is one of the important parameters to describe the sliding electrical contact state. It has great influence on electrical contact performance and friction and wear of contact elements. In this paper, the high speed sliding electric contact is taken as the research object. The temperature effect of the electric contact surface and the transient high temperature measurement technology based on the infrared radiation principle are mainly studied in view of the high current and electromagnetic field environment in the electrical contact. According to the experimental results, the thermal analysis of the contact surface is carried out by using the high speed sliding electric contact tester. In this paper, the thermal effects of current, friction and arc on the contact area in high speed sliding electric contact are analyzed, and the related mathematical models are established. On the basis of the model, the temperature information under different current load and sliding distance is simulated. The effect of transient current load on the temperature effect of contact surface is discussed. The high temperature state of electrical contact element during high speed sliding is simulated by finite element method, and the dynamic temperature distribution of the interface between slider and rail is given. On this basis, based on the heat conduction principle, the thermal analysis of the temperature field at different positions on the surface of the sliding rail and slider element is carried out, and the influence of the transient temperature of the contact surface on the contact element is found out. In this paper, a high temperature measurement system based on infrared radiation principle is designed to realize non-contact measurement in the electromagnetic field environment of high speed sliding electric contact. The high speed acquisition unit is designed by using isolation and conversion technology to realize the acquisition of transient signals. Enhance the anti-interference ability of the system. Considering the possible factors affecting the temperature rise of the contact surface in the high speed sliding electric contact, the corresponding experimental scheme is worked out, and the electrical contact experimental research is carried out on the high speed sliding electric contact tester. The temperature data under different experimental conditions are analyzed in depth to characterize the temperature characteristics of the sliding electric contact region under the transient high current load.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM501.3

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