电力变压器无弧有载调压技术的研究

发布时间：2018-11-21 12:43

【摘要】：电压是电能质量的重要指标之一,在电力系统运行中电压偏移会对用电设备造成损失。在电力系统中有载调压的方法普遍采用的是利用有载调压分接开关进行有载调压。这种方法的装置成本低、制造工艺简单,但是随着电力系统电网规模扩大、网络结构越来越复杂,这种利用机械开关有载调压所存在的问题使其无法达到电力系统进步的要求。在变压器的有载分接开关切换时会产生电弧,容易导致机械触头烧损,而且机械开关由于存在机械传动部分,会导致动作慢,响应时间长,故障率高,维护量大,并且在调压的过程中可能会出现过渡过程,这些都会对对电网的安全运行带来不利的影响,这些问题是从本质上无法解决的。为了解决传统机械开关式有载调压方法存在的问题,论文提出了一种用反并联晶闸管开关替代机械开关的无触点无弧化有载调压的方法。该方案可从本质上抑制电弧的产生,机械传动部分的取消使调压装置可以快速响应,达到快速无弧切换的效果。文中通过对调压绕组进行编码,建立起调压绕组与调压状态的关系,利用较少的调压绕组通过晶闸管开关控制组合出较多的调压状态,进而减少了变压器的抽头。文中还分析了调压过程中所出现的过渡过程,并提出一种动态控制的有载调压技术。论文最后采用MATLAB数字仿真实验验证了该方案的正确性,数字仿真表明该方案较好的解决了有载调压变压器绕组切换过程中产生的电弧问题,通过晶闸管开关的组合控制达到分级无触点的目的,基本实现有载调压变压器的无弧化工作。
[Abstract]:Voltage is one of the important indexes of power quality. The method of on-load voltage regulation in power system is to use the on-load tap switch to adjust the load voltage. The device cost of this method is low and the manufacturing process is simple. However, with the expansion of power network scale and the increasing complexity of the network structure, this method can not meet the requirements of power system progress due to the problems existing in the on-load voltage regulation by using mechanical switches. When the on-load tap switch of the transformer is switched, the arc will occur, which will easily lead to the burning of the mechanical contact. Moreover, the mechanical switch will lead to slow action, long response time, high failure rate and large amount of maintenance because of the mechanical transmission part. And in the process of voltage regulation, there may be a transition process, which will have a negative impact on the safe operation of the power grid. These problems are essentially unsolvable. In order to solve the problem of traditional mechanical on-load voltage regulation method, a non-contact no-arc on-load voltage regulation method is proposed to replace mechanical switch with anti-parallel thyristor switch. This scheme can restrain the generation of the arc in essence, and the cancellation of the mechanical transmission can make the voltage regulator respond quickly and achieve the effect of fast arc free switching. By coding the voltage regulating winding, the relation between the voltage regulating winding and the voltage regulating state is established, and more voltage regulating states are controlled by less voltage regulating winding through the thyristor switch, thus reducing the tap of the transformer. The transition process in the process of voltage regulation is also analyzed, and a dynamic control technology of on-load voltage regulation is proposed. Finally, the MATLAB digital simulation experiment is used to verify the correctness of the scheme. The digital simulation shows that the scheme can solve the arc problem in the winding switching process of on-load voltage regulating transformer. Through the combined control of thyristor switch, the purpose of classifying contactless point is achieved, and the arc free operation of on-load voltage regulating transformer is basically realized.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM41

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