永磁无刷直流电动机反电势观测器比较与改进

发布时间：2018-11-27 06:39

【摘要】：具有非理想梯形波反电势的永磁无刷直流电机在直接转矩控制时必须实时计算反电势值以便估算转矩,计算可以由状态观测器完成。该电机采用六拍换相控制方式,在换相时观测器计算的反电势值与实际值差别较大,导致转矩估算不准。将四种状态观测器通过适当设计用于反电势计算并进行比较,指出反电势计算出现误差是因为观测器的反馈输入中只有电流观测误差的比例项。提出用比例积分观测器来消除这种误差,并利用通用结构观测器对比例积分观测器加以改进,使其适用于电机参数测量不准确的场合。以实际电机系统为观测对象,应用MATLAB编制相应的观测算法,计算结果表明,对反电势计算误差形成机理的分析正确,比例积分观测器及其改进型可以有效消除这种误差。
[Abstract]:In order to estimate the torque of a permanent magnet brushless DC motor with non-ideal trapezoidal inverse EMF, the inverse potential must be calculated in real time in direct torque control, and the calculation can be done by the state observer. The motor adopts a six-beat commutative control mode. The inverse EMF calculated by the observer is different from the actual value when the commutator is used, which leads to the inaccurate estimation of the torque. The four state observers are properly designed and compared to calculate the back EMF. It is pointed out that the error in the calculation of the inverse EMF is due to the fact that there is only the proportional term of the current observation error in the feedback input of the observer. In this paper, a proportional integral observer is proposed to eliminate this error, and the universal structure observer is used to improve the scale integral observer, which is suitable for the situation where the motor parameter measurement is not accurate. Taking the actual motor system as the observation object, the corresponding observation algorithm is compiled by using MATLAB. The calculation results show that the analysis of the formation mechanism of the error in the back-EMF calculation is correct, and the proportional integral observer and its modified model can effectively eliminate the error.
【作者单位】：空军预警学院;
【分类号】：TM33

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