开关磁阻电机直接瞬时转矩控制系统设计

发布时间：2018-11-28 12:55

【摘要】：开关磁阻电机作为一种新型调速电机已经在诸如纺织、航空等领域得到了广泛应用,尤其是电动车研发行业,更在近年成为国家的重点研究项目。但是受结构制约,其严重的转矩脉动现象阻碍了其市场应用,而传统的控制策略又不能达到理想的控制效果,因此本文以减小转矩脉动为研究目的,选择了直接瞬时转矩控制控制策略作为研究方向,从系统设计的角度阐明了如何实现这一控制理论。本文以一台7.5kW、三相12/8极开关磁阻电机为试验样机,首先从其双凸极磁阻结构特点介绍,分析了运作原理。并在理想线性模型下由电流、电感、定转子相对位置角推导出了电磁转矩关系,引出了由转矩作为直接控制参数的直接瞬时转矩控制策略。然后展示并说明了直接瞬时转矩控制系统结构和原理,分析了如何有效在电机一个电感周期内抑制转矩脉动。由此重点对转矩单元,转矩滞环器等单元进行了设计分析,表明利用合理的开通关断角即可以满足恒转矩输出。接着本文针对该控制策略,硬件上设计了以TI公司DSP TMS320F28335为主的控制电路,并对相关位置检测电路、电流检测电路、通讯电路、驱动等主要电路进行细致的工作原理介绍。软件上根据直接瞬时转矩控制要求进行C语言编写,介绍了双闭环PI控制和数字位置识别的编程思想及代码实现,同时对其中的通讯函数,转速计算等内容进行算法设计和流程图讲解。最后本文对直接瞬时转矩控制系统进行测试实验,得到相关实验数据和波形,并对实验结果进行分析,通过结果可以看出电机稳定运行,证明了该策略的可行性和正确性,并对未来研究方向进行展望。
[Abstract]:As a new type of speed regulating motor, switched reluctance motor (SRM) has been widely used in such fields as textile and aviation, especially in electric vehicle research and development industry, and has become a key research project in our country in recent years. However, restricted by the structure, its serious torque ripple phenomenon hinders its market application, and the traditional control strategy can not achieve the ideal control effect, so the purpose of this paper is to reduce the torque ripple. The direct instantaneous torque control strategy is chosen as the research direction, and how to realize this control theory is expounded from the point of view of system design. In this paper, a 7.5kW three-phase 12 / 8 pole switched reluctance motor is used as the experimental prototype. Firstly, the operating principle is analyzed from the characteristics of its double salient pole reluctance structure. Under the ideal linear model, the electromagnetic torque relation is derived from the current, inductance and relative position angle of stator and rotor, and the direct instantaneous torque control strategy is derived by using torque as the direct control parameter. Then, the structure and principle of direct instantaneous torque control system are demonstrated and explained, and how to restrain torque ripple effectively in a period of inductance of motor is analyzed. The design and analysis of torque unit and torque hysteresis unit are carried out. It is shown that the constant torque output can be satisfied with reasonable turn-off angle. Then, this paper designs the control circuit based on DSP TMS320F28335 of TI Company in hardware, and introduces the main circuits of position detection, current detection, communication, driving and so on. According to the requirement of direct instantaneous torque control, C language is programmed in the software. The programming idea and code realization of double closed loop PI control and digital position recognition are introduced, and the communication function is also discussed. Speed calculation and other contents of the algorithm design and flow chart explanation. Finally, this paper tests the direct instantaneous torque control system, obtains the relevant experimental data and waveform, and analyzes the experimental results. Through the results, we can see that the motor runs stably, and proves the feasibility and correctness of the strategy. The future research direction is prospected.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM352

【共引文献】