长寿命低轨道氢镍蓄电池技术研究
发布时间：2019-01-03 16:30
【摘要】：氢镍电池目前已在空间飞行器上得到广泛应用。与锂离子电池相比,氢镍电池具有高可靠、长寿命和成熟的飞行经验等特性,在未来低轨道大功率空间飞行器上仍有较大的应用需求。本文基于大容量长寿命氢镍电池的主要技术难点开展研究工作。有针对性的开展了高强度镍基板的研究,耐高压薄壁压力容器的安全性设计与验证,单体电池自放电、压力、容量等特性研究工作。针对低轨道(LEO)航天器对氢镍电池耐高倍率充放电和循环寿命长的特殊要求,采用湿法烧结工艺,通过骨架预涂覆工艺提高了基板中镍粉烧结层和镍基体的结合强度;通过在镍浆中添加适量T210镍粉,增强了导电性,提高了基板的强度和综合性能;改进了氢镍电池结构设计,采取半椭球体设计,缩短了电液回流途径、减轻了电池壳体重量、缩短了散热途径,因而提高了电池的性能。针对低轨道应用特点对电池各部件进行了优化设计,研制出了100Ah氢镍电池。电池经过测试,实际容量达到115.6Ah,比能量达到58.5Wh/kg,寿命经过预测可以达到6年寿命要求。本文对电池电压、容量、自放电、压力与温度的特性进行了研究,结果表明氢镍电池最佳工作温度范围为-10℃~+15℃。在0℃时放电容量最大;充电终止电压与温度负相关;C/2放电平台电压在15℃最高;充电终止压力在10℃最大;自放电率与温度呈非线性正相关,温度越高,自放电率增加幅度越大。并得出了电池的特性规律曲线和公式,可以用来指导电池的使用与管理。
[Abstract]:Nickel hydrogen batteries have been widely used in space vehicles. Compared with lithium ion batteries, nickel hydride batteries have high reliability, long life and mature flight experience. This paper is based on the main technical difficulties of large capacity long-life nickel hydride batteries. The research on high strength nickel substrate, safety design and verification of high pressure thin wall pressure vessel, self-discharge, pressure and capacity of single cell were carried out. Aiming at the special requirement of high rate charge and discharge resistance and long cycle life of low orbit (LEO) spacecraft, wet sintering process was adopted to improve the bonding strength of nickel powder sintering layer and nickel substrate in substrate by skeleton precoating process. By adding appropriate amount of T210 nickel powder to the nickel paste, the electrical conductivity was enhanced, and the strength and comprehensive properties of the substrate were improved. The structure design of Ni-MH battery is improved and the semi-ellipsoidal design is adopted to shorten the electro-hydraulic reflux path, reduce the weight of the battery shell and shorten the heat dissipation path, thus improving the performance of the battery. According to the characteristics of low track application, the optimum design of each component of battery is carried out, and the nickel hydrogen battery of 100Ah is developed. After testing, the actual capacity of the battery reached 115.6 Ahs, the specific energy reached 58.5 Wh. / kg, and the life of the battery was predicted to meet the requirement of 6 years. The characteristics of battery voltage, capacity, self-discharge, pressure and temperature are studied in this paper. The results show that the optimum operating temperature range of Ni-MH battery is -10 鈩，
本文编号：2399617
[Abstract]:Nickel hydrogen batteries have been widely used in space vehicles. Compared with lithium ion batteries, nickel hydride batteries have high reliability, long life and mature flight experience. This paper is based on the main technical difficulties of large capacity long-life nickel hydride batteries. The research on high strength nickel substrate, safety design and verification of high pressure thin wall pressure vessel, self-discharge, pressure and capacity of single cell were carried out. Aiming at the special requirement of high rate charge and discharge resistance and long cycle life of low orbit (LEO) spacecraft, wet sintering process was adopted to improve the bonding strength of nickel powder sintering layer and nickel substrate in substrate by skeleton precoating process. By adding appropriate amount of T210 nickel powder to the nickel paste, the electrical conductivity was enhanced, and the strength and comprehensive properties of the substrate were improved. The structure design of Ni-MH battery is improved and the semi-ellipsoidal design is adopted to shorten the electro-hydraulic reflux path, reduce the weight of the battery shell and shorten the heat dissipation path, thus improving the performance of the battery. According to the characteristics of low track application, the optimum design of each component of battery is carried out, and the nickel hydrogen battery of 100Ah is developed. After testing, the actual capacity of the battery reached 115.6 Ahs, the specific energy reached 58.5 Wh. / kg, and the life of the battery was predicted to meet the requirement of 6 years. The characteristics of battery voltage, capacity, self-discharge, pressure and temperature are studied in this paper. The results show that the optimum operating temperature range of Ni-MH battery is -10 鈩，
本文编号：2399617
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