电力系统全过程动态仿真算法与模型研究

发布时间：2019-01-11 09:21

【摘要】：电力系统全过程动态仿真是实现电力系统机电暂态和中长期过程有机统一的一种数字仿真,是大规模电力系统动态特性机理揭示、严重事故特征分析及其稳定措施研究的重要方法。本文围绕电力系统全过程动态仿真的数值计算方法和中长期动态建模等问题开展研究,主要研究工作包括： (1)提出了一种适于电力系统刚性微分代数方程组的组合数值积分算法。该算法使变步长的Gear积分和固定步长的梯形积分两种方法在仿真中有机结合,满足从几秒到几十分钟以上时间尺度的全过程动态仿真的需求,避免了类似算法由于收敛性而导致的计算效率偏低和含间断环节的控制系统的计算复杂问题。 (2)提出了一种利用稀疏矩阵特点的分块快速直接仿真求解算法,以及基于矩阵工作量消去树的并行求解算法,开发实现了大型线性方程组求解器。该算法利用部分小分块矩阵具有相同结构的特点进行矩阵LU符号分解、数值分解、前代和回代求解计算,在矩阵的LU分解方面具有较为明显的求解速度优势。 (3)提出了一种适于电力系统全过程动态仿真的机炉协调控制模型,建立了含有汽包锅炉的火电机组动力系统模型。通过模型参数值的恰当选取,模型可用于模拟以炉跟机为基础的协调控制等火电厂机组常用的组态方式。结合国内实际情况,分析指出了火电机组动力系统仿真模型的应用方法。 (4)提出了基于混杂系统建模方法的自动发电控制模型。模型由区域控制偏差计算、控制策略和机组调节指令计算3个模块组成,能够模拟我国实际电网中的A标准和CPS标准控制策略、联络线功率频率偏差控制方式等,可为解决大规模电网联络线功率波动限制和多区域自动发电控制策略的协调配合等实际电网问题提供仿真分析手段。 (5)开发实现了大规模电力系统的全过程动态仿真程序。采用面向对象方法实现了程序的架构设计和开发。通过两个基于我国大规模电网的算例仿真,验证了提出的全过程动态仿真算法、模型以及仿真软件的有效性。
[Abstract]:The whole process dynamic simulation of power system is a kind of digital simulation to realize the organic unification of electromechanical transient and medium and long term process of power system, and it is also the revelation of the dynamic characteristic mechanism of large-scale power system. Analysis of the characteristics of serious accidents and important methods for the study of stabilization measures. This paper focuses on the numerical calculation method of the whole process dynamic simulation of power system and the long-term dynamic modeling. The main works are as follows: (1) A combined numerical integration algorithm is proposed for power system rigid differential algebraic equations. This algorithm combines Gear integral with variable step size and trapezoidal integral with fixed step size in simulation, and meets the requirement of dynamic simulation of whole process in time scale from several seconds to more than tens of minutes. It avoids the problems of low computational efficiency caused by convergence of similar algorithms and computational complexity of control systems with discontinuous links. (2) A fast block direct simulation algorithm based on sparse matrix and a parallel algorithm based on matrix workload elimination tree are proposed. A large linear equation system solver is developed. In this algorithm, the LU symbolic decomposition, numerical decomposition, pre-generation and back-generation solution are carried out by using the characteristics that some small partitioned matrices have the same structure. The algorithm has obvious advantages in solving the LU decomposition of the matrix. (3) A coordinated control model of boiler for power system dynamic simulation is proposed, and the power system model of thermal power unit with drum boiler is established. Through the proper selection of model parameters, the model can be used to simulate the common configuration methods of thermal power plant units such as coordinated control based on boiler follower. Combined with the actual situation in China, the application method of power system simulation model of thermal power unit is analyzed and pointed out. (4) an automatic generation control model based on hybrid system modeling method is proposed. The model is composed of three modules: regional control deviation calculation, control strategy and unit regulation instruction calculation, which can simulate the control strategy of A standard and CPS standard, tie-line power frequency deviation control method and so on. It can be used to solve the problems of large-scale power fluctuation of tie-line and coordination of multi-area automatic generation control strategy. (5) the whole process dynamic simulation program of large scale power system is developed. The object-oriented method is used to design and develop the architecture of the program. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, model and simulation software is verified by two simulation examples based on large-scale power grid in China.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM743

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