含有分布式电源的微电网黑启动研究

发布时间：2019-01-20 16:53

【摘要】：随着微电网技术的不断发展与成熟,微电网的安全问题变得越来越重要。微电网的稳定运行不但可以对重要负荷的用电提供支持,而且可以在关键时刻为电网的快速恢复提供电源。微电网技术作为分布式发电技术的重要发展方向,近年来已逐渐成为研究热点。本文针对分布式电源为主体的微电网系统,重点对微电网离网状态下的微电网黑启动进行研究。首先,详细研究了黑启动的背景与意义,并研究了黑启动的现状与其相关原则。其次,分析了微电网黑启动的主要步骤,并对电源与路径的选择做了重点的分析,而且对黑启动过程中可能出现的问题做了详细的分析。再次,对分布式电源的分析,详细研究了微电网中典型的分布式电源的原理与数学模型,并根据不同分布式电源在微电网中的不同作用,分析了其在微电网黑启动中的可行性。最后,借鉴传统同步发电机组调速器基本工作原理,对微源的P-f和Q-V下垂特性控制模块进行了改进,使微源具有了输出功率自动限幅功能,并通过对微源的数学模型的研究,在控制方法中加入了电压控制法,实现了微源稳定的零压启动,避免了输出电压的压降。对现有黑启动方案进行对比,从改进微源下垂特性入手,加入了平移特性曲线,提出了一种串行恢复的微电网黑启动优化控制方案。并对微电网黑启动进行仿真研究,对关键时间点的参数进行仿真,并对结果进行分析。而且首次在黑启动中加入了智能监控系统,为调度人员提供黑启动的运行情况,并做出正确的安排。
[Abstract]:With the development and maturity of microgrid technology, the security of microgrid becomes more and more important. The stable operation of microgrid can not only support the power consumption of important load, but also provide power supply for the rapid recovery of power grid at critical time. As an important development direction of distributed generation technology, microgrid technology has gradually become a research hotspot in recent years. In this paper, we focus on the black start of microgrid under the condition of off-grid for the microgrid system with distributed generation as the main body. Firstly, the background and significance of black start are studied in detail, and the current situation and relevant principles of black start are studied. Secondly, the main steps of black start of micro grid are analyzed, and the selection of power supply and path is analyzed in detail, and the possible problems in the process of black start are analyzed in detail. Thirdly, the principle and mathematical model of typical distributed generation in microgrid are studied in detail, and the feasibility of distributed generation in black start of microgrid is analyzed according to the different functions of distributed generation in microgrid. Finally, the control module of P-f and Q-V droop characteristics of microsource is improved for reference to the basic working principle of the governor of the traditional synchronous generator set, so that the micro-source has the function of automatic limiting the output power. Through the study of the mathematical model of the microsource, the voltage control method is added to the control method, which realizes the stable zero-voltage start of the micro-source and avoids the voltage drop of the output voltage. By comparing the existing black-start schemes and improving the droop characteristics of microsource, the translation characteristic curve is added, and a serial restoration scheme for black-start optimization control of micro-grid is proposed. The black start of microgrid is simulated and the parameters of critical time point are simulated and the results are analyzed. The intelligent monitoring system is added to the black start for the first time to provide the scheduler with the running condition of the black start and make the correct arrangement.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM73

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