染料敏化太阳能电池光阳极的改性及性能研究

发布时间：2019-02-27 21:15

【摘要】：本论文主要研究非金属元素氮（N）、稀土金属元素镧（La）、铈（Ce）、钐（Sm）对纳米晶TiO2颗粒的掺杂改性，以及钐和氮的共掺杂，并将其应用在染料敏化太阳能电池光阳极中。实验中，分别采用传统的湿法制备氮掺杂TiO2纳米粒子和水热合成法制备稀土离子掺杂TiO2纳米粒子，并制备成光阳极组装电池，通过一系列分析方法对其光、电化学性质进行研究，，并对反应条件、掺杂量等进行了工艺优化。主要工作内容如下： 1）采用湿法制备了氮掺杂TiO2纳米粒子，研究了不同搅拌时间及氨水添加量对由其制备的光阳极组装的电池光电性能的影响，确定了最优条件是搅拌时间为1.5h，氨水添加量为50ml。在最优的反应条件下，引入尿素作为第二个氮源进行双氮掺杂，得到最优化的尿素添加量为0.5g，得到7.58%的光电转换效率。 2）采用水热法制备了稀土离子掺杂的TiO2纳米粒子，探讨了最优稀土硝酸盐添加量为1g P25中掺杂0.05g稀土硝酸盐。分别选择了La(NO3)3、Ce(NO3)3、Sm(NO3)3对纳米TiO2粒子进行掺杂，通过不同的染料N719和卟啉进行敏化对比，从光电流密度提升的角度进一步证明了稀土离子下转换发光对染料敏化太阳能电池光电性能的影响，分别得到了6.43%（N719染料敏化）、3.62%（卟啉染料敏化）的转换效率。 3）选取了氮元素和硝酸钐，采用水热法进行共掺杂纳米TiO2粒子的制备。并用其制备光阳极组装电池进行光电性能测试，得到的转化效率相较于单一的氮掺杂和单一硝酸钐掺杂并没有获得显著的提高。通过研究机理认为，氮掺杂和钐掺杂一定程度上都是提高染料敏化太阳能电池对可见光的吸收，因此两者之间并没有协同作用。
[Abstract]:In this thesis, the doping modification of nano-crystalline TiO2 particles and co-doping of samarium and nitrogen by non-metallic element nitrogen (N), rare earth element lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), samarium (Sm) were studied. And it is applied in dye sensitized solar cell photoanode. In the experiment, nitrogen-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by traditional wet method and rare earth ion-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis method. The photoanode assembled cells were prepared by a series of analytical methods. The electrochemical properties were studied, and the reaction conditions, doping amount and so on were optimized. The main contents are as follows: 1) nitrogen-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by wet method, and the effects of different stirring time and ammonia content on the photoelectric properties of the photoanode assembled cells were studied. The optimum condition is that the stirring time is 1.5 h and the amount of ammonia is 50 ml. Under the optimal reaction conditions, urea was introduced as the second nitrogen source to doping with dinitrogen, and the optimal amount of urea was 0.5 g, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of 7.58% was obtained. 2) TiO2 nanoparticles doped with rare earth ions were prepared by hydrothermal method. The optimal addition of rare earth nitrate was 0.05g rare earth nitrate in 1g P25. La (NO3) _ 3, ce (NO3) _ 3, Sm (NO3) _ 3 were selected to doping nano-TiO2 particles, and sensitized by different dyes N719 and porphyrin. The effect of down-conversion luminescence of rare earth ions on the photoelectrical properties of dye-sensitized solar cells was further proved from the point of view of increasing photocurrent density, and 6.43% (N719 dye-sensitized) was obtained, respectively. 3.62% (porphyrin dye sensitized) conversion efficiency. 3) the co-doped nano-TiO2 particles were prepared by hydrothermal method with nitrogen element and samarium nitrate. The photoelectric performance of the photoanode assembled cell was tested and the conversion efficiency obtained was not significantly improved compared with the single nitrogen doping and samarium nitrate doping. The experimental results showed that the conversion efficiency of the photoanode assembled cell was higher than that of the single nitrogen doping and samarium nitrate doping. The mechanism shows that both nitrogen doping and samarium doping can improve the absorption of visible light in dye-sensitized solar cells to a certain extent, so there is no synergistic effect between the two.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM914.4

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