光伏微网逆变电源控制策略及应用的研究
发布时间：2019-03-25 11:50
【摘要】：光伏发电作为最有前景的新能源发电方式,近年来一直得到大力的支持和推广。光伏发电一般通过并网向用户提供电能。但是,随着这种分布式电源接入电网的数量越来越多,将会对传统的辐射状配电网产生本质性的变化,给电力系统的安全运行带来了很大的威胁。微电网技术是由分布式电源和负荷组成的小型智能电力系统,它不仅具备分布式发电的优点,而且它对现有配电网的结构不会造成影响,可以更好地发挥新能源发电的优点。本文以光伏逆变电源为研究对象,对其在微电网环境中的控制策略及应用展开了研究。 本文首先对光伏发电和微电网技术的发展情况做了简要介绍,更进一步归纳了现有微电网的控制结构和并网策略,并对现有微电网的不足进行了分析,通过对比分析光伏微网逆变电源与电网中的同步发电机性能上的不同,得出了光伏逆变电源过流能力差,容量小,惯性小等缺点。因此本文借鉴同步发电机工作原理,提出虚拟同步发电机概念,通过模拟同步发电机的数学模型和电气方程来构建光伏微网逆变电源的模型,从而使光伏微网逆变电源具有与同步发电机相似的外特性；根据微网在并网运行和孤岛运行时对光伏微网逆变电源的技术要求,本文依据虚拟同步发电机的控制原理,设计了光伏微网逆变电源的功频控制器和励磁控制器,使其可以实现频率、电压、功率的稳定。为了改善微网在负载变动时引起的频率不稳定,本文提出了一种在可使频率快速稳定的可变虚拟惯量策略,该策略通过实时改变虚拟转动惯量值来快速使频率的振荡得到衰减。在MATLAB/SIMULINK环境中搭建光伏微网逆变电源的仿真模型来验证所提出策略的有效性。最后对一台10kW光伏微网逆变器进行了硬件选型和软件设计。仿真和实验结果表明,基于虚拟同步发电机策略的光伏微网逆变电源,可以满足微电网并网运行和孤岛运行时对光伏微网逆变电源的技术要求。
[Abstract]:Photovoltaic power generation, as the most promising new energy generation mode, has been strongly supported and promoted in recent years. Photovoltaic power generation is generally connected to the grid to provide electricity to users. However, with the increasing number of such distributed power sources connected to the grid, it will bring about essential changes to the traditional radial distribution network, which will bring a great threat to the safe operation of the power system. Microgrid technology is a small intelligent power system composed of distributed power supply and load. It not only has the advantages of distributed generation, but also has no influence on the structure of the existing distribution network, so it can give full play to the advantages of new energy generation. The control strategy and application of photovoltaic inverter in microgrid environment are studied in this paper. In this paper, the development of photovoltaic power generation and microgrid technology is briefly introduced, and the control structure and grid-connected strategy of the existing microgrid are further summarized, and the shortcomings of the existing microgrid are analyzed. By comparing and analyzing the performance difference between photovoltaic micro-grid inverter power supply and synchronous generator in power grid, it is concluded that photovoltaic inverter power supply has the disadvantages of poor over-current capability, small capacity and low inertia. Based on the working principle of synchronous generator, the concept of virtual synchronous generator is put forward in this paper. The model of photovoltaic micro-grid inverter is constructed by simulating the mathematical model and electrical equation of synchronous generator. Thus, the photovoltaic micro-grid inverter has the same external characteristics as the synchronous generator. According to the technical requirements of photovoltaic micro-grid inverter power supply in grid-connected operation and isolated island operation, according to the control principle of virtual synchronous generator, the power frequency controller and excitation controller of photovoltaic micro-grid inverter power supply are designed, and the power-frequency controller and excitation controller of PV micro-grid inverter are designed in this paper. So that it can achieve frequency, voltage, power stability. In order to improve the frequency instability caused by load variation, a variable virtual inertia strategy is proposed in this paper, which can make the frequency fast and stable. This strategy can quickly attenuate the frequency oscillation by changing the virtual moment of inertia value in real time. The simulation model of photovoltaic micro-grid inverter in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment is built to verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. Finally, the hardware selection and software design of a 10kW photovoltaic micro-grid inverter are carried out. The simulation and experimental results show that the photovoltaic micro-grid inverter power supply based on virtual synchronous generator strategy can meet the technical requirements of grid-connected and island-connected photovoltaic micro-grid inverter power supply.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM615
本文编号：2446946
[Abstract]:Photovoltaic power generation, as the most promising new energy generation mode, has been strongly supported and promoted in recent years. Photovoltaic power generation is generally connected to the grid to provide electricity to users. However, with the increasing number of such distributed power sources connected to the grid, it will bring about essential changes to the traditional radial distribution network, which will bring a great threat to the safe operation of the power system. Microgrid technology is a small intelligent power system composed of distributed power supply and load. It not only has the advantages of distributed generation, but also has no influence on the structure of the existing distribution network, so it can give full play to the advantages of new energy generation. The control strategy and application of photovoltaic inverter in microgrid environment are studied in this paper. In this paper, the development of photovoltaic power generation and microgrid technology is briefly introduced, and the control structure and grid-connected strategy of the existing microgrid are further summarized, and the shortcomings of the existing microgrid are analyzed. By comparing and analyzing the performance difference between photovoltaic micro-grid inverter power supply and synchronous generator in power grid, it is concluded that photovoltaic inverter power supply has the disadvantages of poor over-current capability, small capacity and low inertia. Based on the working principle of synchronous generator, the concept of virtual synchronous generator is put forward in this paper. The model of photovoltaic micro-grid inverter is constructed by simulating the mathematical model and electrical equation of synchronous generator. Thus, the photovoltaic micro-grid inverter has the same external characteristics as the synchronous generator. According to the technical requirements of photovoltaic micro-grid inverter power supply in grid-connected operation and isolated island operation, according to the control principle of virtual synchronous generator, the power frequency controller and excitation controller of photovoltaic micro-grid inverter power supply are designed, and the power-frequency controller and excitation controller of PV micro-grid inverter are designed in this paper. So that it can achieve frequency, voltage, power stability. In order to improve the frequency instability caused by load variation, a variable virtual inertia strategy is proposed in this paper, which can make the frequency fast and stable. This strategy can quickly attenuate the frequency oscillation by changing the virtual moment of inertia value in real time. The simulation model of photovoltaic micro-grid inverter in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment is built to verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. Finally, the hardware selection and software design of a 10kW photovoltaic micro-grid inverter are carried out. The simulation and experimental results show that the photovoltaic micro-grid inverter power supply based on virtual synchronous generator strategy can meet the technical requirements of grid-connected and island-connected photovoltaic micro-grid inverter power supply.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM615
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