基于MATLAB的风力发电系统最大功率跟踪技术研究

发布时间：2019-04-21 08:41

【摘要】：能源是人类生存和发展的重要物质基础，随着人类社会的发展、进步，人们对能源的需求在持续增长。由于传统化石能源储量日益减少，特别是化石能源的使用给地球带来温室效应和环境污染，为发展低碳经济，世界各国均把开发利用可再生能源，实现能源的可持续发展做为能源发展战略。风能具有蕴藏量丰富、可再生、分布广、几乎无污染等特性，已成为可再生能源发展的重要方向。风是一种随机性、爆发性、不确定型的能源，为使风力发电装置能在不同的风速下取得最大功率输出，提高风能的利用率，应使风力发电系统时刻都工作在最大功率点上。因此研究风力发电的最大功率点跟踪技术具有十分重要的现实意义。本文针对双馈异步风力发电机最大功率点跟踪技术展开研究。首先，介绍了最大功率点跟踪的基本工作原理和控制技术，，建立了风速和风轮模型，给出了风力发电机的动力学模型，并用Matlab程序对风速模型进行了仿真。其次，给出了双馈异步发电机的空间矢量模型，网侧和转子侧的功率变流器模型及其控制方法，并进行了实验研究。第三，通过对双馈异步发电机的功率进行分析，提出了一种变速恒频双馈风力发电机的最大功率点跟踪方法，仿真实验验证了所提方法的有效性。第四，提出了一种基于自适应灰色预测法的风轮输出功率短期预测方法，仿真结果验证了所自适应灰色预测法的有效性。最后，搭建了基于自适应灰色预测法的风力发电系统最大功率点跟踪算法模型，并进行了仿真实验，结果证明该方法的有效性。
[Abstract]:Energy is an important material basis for human survival and development. With the development and progress of human society, people's demand for energy continues to increase. Because the reserves of traditional fossil energy are decreasing day by day, especially the use of fossil energy brings Greenhouse Effect and environmental pollution to the earth, in order to develop low-carbon economy, countries all over the world develop and utilize renewable energy, Realize the energy sustainable development as the energy development strategy. Wind energy has become an important direction of renewable energy development because of its rich reserves, renewable, wide distribution and almost no pollution. Wind is a random, explosive and uncertain energy source. In order to make the wind power generator obtain the maximum power output under different wind speeds and improve the utilization rate of wind energy, the wind power generation system should work at the maximum power point at all times. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the maximum power point tracking technology of wind power generation. In this paper, the maximum power point tracking technology of doubly-fed asynchronous wind turbine is studied. Firstly, the basic principle and control technology of maximum power point tracking are introduced, the wind speed and wind turbine model are established, the dynamic model of wind turbine is given, and the wind speed model is simulated with Matlab program. Secondly, the space vector model of doubly-fed asynchronous generator, the power converter model of grid side and rotor side and their control methods are given, and the experimental research is carried out. Thirdly, by analyzing the power of doubly-fed induction generator, a maximum power point tracking method for variable-speed constant-frequency doubly-fed wind generator is proposed. The simulation results show that the proposed method is effective. Fourthly, a short-term forecasting method of wind turbine output power based on adaptive grey prediction method is proposed. The simulation results show that the adaptive grey forecasting method is effective. Finally, the maximum power point tracking algorithm model of wind power generation system based on adaptive grey prediction method is built, and the simulation results show that the method is effective.
【学位授予单位】：天津职业技术师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM614

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