配电网智能设备取能电源设计

发布时间：2019-05-20 03:32

【摘要】：目前，我国正在推进智能电网的规划实施。随着智能电网的不断建设，为保证线路实时的监测、控制，智能设备的应用也越来越多。目前的智能设备多以电池供电的方式解决能量供应问题，而电池的寿命有限、功率不高且更换不便，因此本文为了解决电池供电的局限性，提出从现场获取能量供设备用电的方案。该装置考虑线路电流的波动性，分三种模式运行，针对不同的电流采取不同的取能方式。当线路电流在20-800A时采用电流互感器（CT）取能的方式获取能量；当电流过大主线圈感应的电压较大时投入补偿线圈，抵消一部分的能量；当线路电流较小时，采用耦合谐振的方式实现能量的无线发射，保证此时的正常供能。 CT取能部分最重要的是铁芯的设计，首先根据设计的功率要求，通过一系列的理论分析、推导计算铁芯的截面积，磁隙大小，内、外径大小，磁路长度，等效导磁率等参数。同时选取铁芯的材料，对铁芯的形状进行讨论。然后搭建不同的电路模块，包括前端冲击保护模块、整流滤波电路、电压转换电路。最后，利用Saber软件进行仿真，在一次侧电流为20-800A时，主线圈能够获得稳定的电压，次级电压在正常范围内。最终，仿真实验验证了铁芯材料、形状及设计参数的正确性和方案的可行性。另外，考虑到雷击或短路时电流值会很大，为保证装置的正常工作及安全性，，采用稳压二极管确定补偿线圈的投入点，当主线圈感应出的电压大于17.2V时稳压二极管反向击穿且电压保持不变，这样将补偿线圈投入其中，其产生的磁通抵消一部分的主磁通，防止过大电压的出现。 无线取能电路的设计是考虑线路电流过小时CT取能不能实现能量供应而设计的。该部分通过电压检测模块检测主线圈获得的电压，当该电压小于3.3V时投入无线方式供能。该部分经过PWM控制芯片和驱动芯片实现半桥逆变，产生高频的耦合谐振，实现能量的无线发射。接收线圈部分设计整流滤波及电源转换电路，最终获得能给负载供电的电压。 本设计充分考虑了线路中电流的波动性，创造性的分三种模式在不同的电流范围时以不同的方式实现能量的供应，装置的切换简单易行，整体电路清晰明了。最终设计的电源很好的保证了线路电流波动较大时的稳定可靠供能。
[Abstract]:At present, China is promoting the planning and implementation of smart grid. With the continuous construction of smart grid, in order to ensure real-time monitoring and control of lines, there are more and more applications of intelligent devices. At present, most of the intelligent devices solve the problem of energy supply by battery power supply, but the battery life is limited, the power is not high and the replacement is inconvenient, so in order to solve the limitation of battery power supply, The scheme of obtaining energy from the field to supply electricity to the equipment is put forward. Considering the fluctuation of line current, the device is divided into three modes, and different energy intake modes are adopted for different current. When the line current is 20 脳 800A, the current transformer (CT) is used to obtain the energy, and when the current is too large, the voltage induced by the main line coil is large, and the compensation coil is put into use to offset part of the energy. When the current of the line is small, the coupling resonance is used to realize the wireless transmission of energy to ensure the normal energy supply at this time. The most important part of CT is the design of iron core. firstly, according to the power requirements of the design, through a series of theoretical analysis, the cross section area, magnetic gap size, internal and external diameter, magnetic circuit length, equivalent magnetic conductivity and other parameters of the core are deduced and calculated. At the same time, the shape of the core is discussed by selecting the material of the core. Then different circuit modules are built, including front-end impact protection module, rectifier filter circuit and voltage conversion circuit. Finally, the simulation is carried out by Saber software. When the primary side current is 20 鈮

本文编号：2481310