磁谐振耦合无线电能传输系统的特性研究

发布时间：2019-05-20 03:36

【摘要】：美国麻省理工学院的科学家于2007年提出磁谐振耦合无线电能传输技术(wireless power transmission, WPT),该技术克服了电磁感应式和微波式无线电能传输的固有缺点,成为研究热点。磁谐振耦合无线电能传输技术能够在米级范围内实现能量的高效率传输,且不受周围非导磁材料的影响。经过多年的研究,磁谐振耦合无线电能传输技术得到了长足发展,其理论分析和实验研究方法都在不断完善,但该技术离实际应用还有差距。本文针对系统中的耦合线圈和高频电源进行详细分析,具体研究内容如下： (1)详细介绍了谐振式无线电能传输的工作原理、基本结构及等效电路。通过近场理论将线圈磁场分为近区场和远区场,并指出系统的传输范围在近区场；利用耦合模理论分析得出系统高效工作的条件是两个耦合线圈具有相同的本征频率,且当两个耦合线圈具有较大的耦合系数时,将导致系统的操作频率与线圈本征频率出现差别：建立两线圈结构和四线圈结构耦合模型的等效电路,推导出系统参数与传输功率、传输效率的关系表达式。 (2)谐振式无线电能传输系统耦合线圈的优化设计。以系统等效电路模型为依据设计并制作了一个无线电能传输装置,通过实验验证所推导公式的准确性；研究指出四线圈结构的线圈互感对系统传输性能有重要影响,通过调节电源线圈与发射线圈,负载线圈与接收线圈之间的互感,能使系统的负载适应能力和传输距离得到明显优化；文中指出当传输距离较近时存在频率分裂现象,此时采用频率跟踪技术能使系统传输性能得到优化；最后通过增加中继线圈有效提高系统的传输距离。 (3)高频电源的设计与分析。首先阐述了E类放大电路的工作原理、参数设计步骤,并介绍了开关管的选取要求、驱动电路的设计以及元件选型,接着利用Capture CIS对所设计电路进行仿真分析,最后通过实验对其进行验证,实验中通过增加一个磁环变压器,有效地解决了电源模块与无线电能传输模块之间参数匹配困难的问题,实验结果表明,本文所设计E类放大电路能够输出17.69W的功率,且传输效率达到88.45%。
[Abstract]:In 2007, scientists at MIT put forward the magnetic resonance coupled radio energy transmission technology (wireless power transmission, WPT), which has overcome the inherent shortcomings of electromagnetic induction and microwave radio energy transmission, and has become a research focus. The magnetic resonance coupled radio energy transmission technology can realize the efficient transmission of energy in the range of meters, and is not affected by the surrounding non-conductive materials. After many years of research, the magnetic resonance coupling radio energy transmission technology has made great progress, its theoretical analysis and experimental research methods are constantly improving, but there is still a gap between the technology and the practical application. In this paper, the coupling coil and high frequency power supply in the system are analyzed in detail. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) the working principle, basic structure and equivalent circuit of resonant radio energy transmission are introduced in detail. Through the theory of near field, the magnetic field of coil is divided into near field and far field, and it is pointed out that the transmission range of the system is in the near field. By using the coupling mode theory, it is concluded that the condition for the efficient operation of the system is that the two coupling coils have the same intrinsic frequency, and when the two coupling coils have a large coupling coefficient, The operating frequency of the system is different from the intrinsic frequency of the coil: the equivalent circuit of the coupling model of the two-coil structure and the four-coil structure is established, and the expression of the relationship between the system parameters and the transmission power and transmission efficiency is derived. (2) the optimal design of coupling coil in resonant radio transmission system. Based on the equivalent circuit model of the system, a radio energy transmission device is designed and fabricated, and the accuracy of the derived formula is verified by experiments. It is pointed out that the coil mutual inductance of the four-coil structure has an important influence on the transmission performance of the system, by adjusting the mutual inductance between the power supply coil and the transmitting coil, the load coil and the receiving coil. The load adaptability and transmission distance of the system can be obviously optimized. It is pointed out that there is frequency division when the transmission distance is close, and the transmission performance of the system can be optimized by using frequency tracking technology. Finally, the transmission distance of the system can be effectively improved by increasing the relay coil. (3) the design and analysis of high frequency power supply. Firstly, the working principle and parameter design steps of class E amplifier circuit are described, and the selection requirements of switch tube, the design of driving circuit and the selection of components are introduced, and then the designed circuit is simulated and analyzed by Capture CIS. Finally, it is verified by experiments. By adding a magnetic ring transformer in the experiment, the problem of parameter matching between power supply module and radio energy transmission module is effectively solved. The experimental results show that the problem of parameter matching between power supply module and radio energy transmission module is effectively solved. The E amplifier designed in this paper can output 17.69W power, and the transmission efficiency is 88.45%.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM724

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