基于DSP的步进电机控制系统

发布时间：2019-06-03 22:58

【摘要】：本文的研究对象是混合式的步进电机，该种电机定位精度高、响应速度快、控制简单、无累积误差。因此，被广泛应用于各种控制领域。但是，它存在着失步、低频振荡、可靠性差、分辨率不高和运行噪声大等缺点。为了克服步进电机的这些缺点，本文采用了细分驱动原理来驱动步进电机。本文使用的主控制芯片是TI公司生产的TMS320F2812DSP，通过其EV事件管理器产生的PWM波去控制步进电机。其间采用了DA模块，将细分值的数字量转化为阶梯状的模拟量，来等效代替正余弦波。从而实现细分步进电机绕组中的电流的目的，最终达到细分步进电机的步距角。本文在概述部分详细的介绍了混合式的步进电机的结构、参数、以及工作原理等。仔细的讲述了几种传统的驱动方式，并重点说明了细分驱动的原理。硬件系统以DSP为系统的主控芯片，主要可以分为逻辑综合电路部分、DA转换模块部分、功率驱动部分和过流保护几个部分。软件部分通过DSP的EV模块产生了PWM波，然后又通过GPIO模块产生电机绕组的相序信号，最后通过SCI串口通信模块实现与上位机的通信。在最后一章，又通过Mat lab软件的Simul-ink模块对步进电机控制系统进行了仿真。实验结果以及仿真结果都表明，，该步进电机控制系统运行平稳、精度高，克服了低频振荡、失步等问题，基本满足了设计的要求。本文设计的最高细分值是128，当然如果有需要，细分值还可以增大。系统还是相对较灵活的，具有一定的实用性和合理性。
[Abstract]:The research object of this paper is hybrid stepping motor, which has high positioning accuracy, fast response speed, simple control and no cumulative error. Therefore, it is widely used in various control fields. However, it has some shortcomings, such as out-of-step, low frequency oscillation, poor reliability, low resolution and large operation noise. In order to overcome these shortcomings of stepping motor, this paper adopts the principle of subdivision drive to drive stepping motor. The main control chip used in this paper is the TMS320F2812DSP, produced by TI Company to control the stepping motor through the PWM wave generated by its EV event manager. The DA module is used to convert the numerical value of the fine score into the stepped analog quantity to replace the sine and cosine wave. In order to achieve the purpose of subdividing the current in the winding of the stepping motor, and finally to achieve the step angle of the subdivision stepping motor. In this paper, the structure, parameters and working principle of hybrid stepping motor are introduced in detail. Several traditional driving methods are described carefully, and the principle of subdivision driving is emphasized. The hardware system takes DSP as the main control chip of the system, which can be divided into logic integrated circuit part, DA conversion module part, power drive part and over-current protection part. In the software part, the PWM wave is generated by the EV module of DSP, and then the phase sequence signal of the motor winding is generated by the GPIO module. Finally, the communication with the upper computer is realized through the SCI serial communication module. In the last chapter, the stepping motor control system is simulated by Simul-ink module of Mat lab software. The experimental results and simulation results show that the stepping motor control system runs smoothly, has high precision, overcome the problems of low frequency oscillation and out of step, and basically meets the requirements of the design. The highest subdivision value designed in this paper is 128, of course, if necessary, the subdivision value can be increased. The system is still relatively flexible and has certain practicability and rationality.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM301.2

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