基于滑模变结构的永磁同步电机控制方法研究

发布时间：2019-06-13 14:19

【摘要】：以永磁同步电机为驱动部件的交流伺服系统以高效率及结构简单等优点著称，目前广泛应用于印刷机、包装机械、轨道交通等领域。然而，永磁同步电机是一个多变量、强耦合的非线性系统，存在着诸如参数摄动和外部扰动等诸多不利因素，直接影响着控制系统性能的提高。为了实际工程应用的需求，迫切需要开展永磁同步电机控制方法的研究，以提高永磁同步电机伺服系统的性能。本文以永磁同步电机为对象，滑模变结构控制理论为基础，数字信号处理器为平台，提高系统的鲁棒性和减少滑模抖振为目标，从理论、方法到工程实现，对基于滑模变结构的永磁同步电机控制方法进行了深入的研究。其主要研究工作如下：通过查阅国内外文献，梳理了目前伺服系统所采用的主要算法，对存在的问题进行了总结。提出滑模控制方法可以有效提高永磁同步电机伺服系统的性能，并指出基于扰动观测器的控制方法可以有效削弱滑模控制的抖振。针对传统的伺服系统控制算法难以满足控制系统要求的问题，提出基于扰动上下界的滑模速度控制方法。该控制算法利用滑模控制对扰动的鲁棒性提高了伺服控制系统的性能，且设计简单，参数易于调节。针对滑模控制器存在抖振问题，，提出基于级联滑模扰动观测器设计方法，利用滑模变结构等值原理对扰动进行观测，将扰动的观测值补偿至滑模控制器，从而构成综合滑模控制算法，该算法可以有效地削弱抖振现象。针对滑模控制器实时实现问题，利用数字信号处理器，提出基于滑模变结构的永磁同步电机实时控制方案，实验研究结果显示本文所提方法有效。
[Abstract]:Ac servo system, which is driven by permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), is famous for its high efficiency and simple structure. It is widely used in printing press, packaging machinery, rail transit and other fields. However, permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is a multi-variable and strongly coupled nonlinear system, which has many unfavorable factors, such as parameter perturbation and external disturbance, which directly affect the performance of the control system. In order to meet the needs of practical engineering application, it is urgent to study the control method of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) in order to improve the performance of PMSM servo system. In this paper, based on the theory of sliding mode variable structure control and digital signal processor, the robustness of the system is improved and the sliding mode buffeting is reduced. From theory, method to engineering realization, the control method of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) based on sliding mode variable structure is deeply studied. The main research work is as follows: through consulting the literature at home and abroad, this paper combs the main algorithms used in the servo system at present, and summarizes the existing problems. The sliding mode control method is proposed to effectively improve the performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor servo system, and it is pointed out that the control method based on disturbance observer can effectively weaken the buffeting of sliding mode control. In order to solve the problem that the traditional servo system control algorithm is difficult to meet the requirements of the control system, a sliding mode speed control method based on the upper and lower bounds of disturbance is proposed. The performance of the servo control system is improved by using the robustness of sliding mode control to disturbance, and the design is simple and the parameters are easy to adjust. In order to solve the buffeting problem of sliding mode controller, a design method based on cascade sliding mode disturbance observer is proposed. The disturbance is observed by using sliding mode variable structure equivalence principle, and the observed value of disturbance is compensated to the sliding mode controller to form a comprehensive sliding mode control algorithm, which can effectively weaken the buffeting phenomenon. In order to solve the problem of real-time realization of sliding mode controller, a real-time control scheme of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) based on sliding mode variable structure is proposed by using digital signal processor. The experimental results show that the proposed method is effective.
【学位授予单位】：湖南工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM341

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