光纤迈克尔逊干涉微腔的飞秒激光制备及折射率传感特性

发布时间：2018-05-04 17:50

本文选题：光纤折射率传感 + 微腔　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：光纤折射率传感器较传统的电学折射率传感器具有许多独特的优势,如灵敏度高、结构紧凑灵巧、耐腐蚀性强、抗电磁干扰等。本文利用飞秒激光诱导水击穿技术在光纤内制备微腔形成了迈克尔逊干涉(Michelson Interferometer,简称MI)传感结构,不仅获得了超高的折射率灵敏度,而且利用温度串扰补偿提高了折射率测量精度,同时具有反射式结构的紧凑灵巧的优点。本文具体工作如下:首先,设计了一种多模光纤内MI微腔折射率传感结构,从理论上研究了Michelson干涉与法布里珀罗干涉(Fabry-Pérot Interferometer,简称FPI)相结合的折射率传感特性,并研究了FPI干涉峰传感特性对MI干涉峰折射率测量的温度串扰补偿作用。同时利用MATLAB软件模拟了折射率和温度灵敏度传感特性,并对微腔尺寸及相对位置对反射光谱的影响,确定了微腔的最优参数。然后,在实验上利用飞秒激光诱导水击穿技术和熔接技术制备了多模光纤内MI微腔折射率传感结构,并研究了其折射率和温度传感特性。在1.333-1.3487内,MI干涉峰达到了极高的灵敏度为 11523.8nm/RIU,在18.77-55.38oC内,空气中温度灵敏度为49.43pm/oC。同时通过测量FPI干涉峰的灵敏度对折射率测量进行了温度补偿,降低了温度串扰,提高了折射率测量精确度。最后,通过光束传播法(Beam Propagation Method,简称BPM)软件Rsoft中Beam PROP功能对多模光纤内MI微腔折射率传感结构进行了优化设计,设计并制备了一种单模-多模-单模光纤级联(Single-Mode Fiber,简称SMF)的光纤微腔折射率传感结构,并研究了其折射率和温度传感特性。与单多模光纤级联结构内MI微腔折射率传感结构的折射率和温度灵敏度基本没有差别,但光谱质量得到了提高。证明了优化的结构在保证灵敏度的同时,有效的提升了MI的作用,使得光谱质量更佳,利于传感。最后研究了光纤MI微腔折射率传感结构的封装方法,封装出长度为2cm、直径为2mm的圆柱形不锈钢管和石英玻璃管传感探头,这种传感探头体积小、重量轻、耐腐蚀性强、机械强度高,适应于海洋环境探测,实用化前景广泛。
[Abstract]:Optical fiber refractive index sensor has many unique advantages over traditional electrical refractive index sensor, such as high sensitivity, compact structure, strong corrosion resistance, electromagnetic interference resistance and so on. Using femtosecond laser-induced water breakdown technique, a Michelson Interferometer (MIM) sensing structure has been fabricated in optical fiber, which not only has high refractive index sensitivity, but also has a high refractive index sensitivity. Moreover, the precision of refractive index measurement is improved by using temperature crosstalk compensation, and it has the advantages of compact and dexterous reflection structure. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, a MI microcavity refractive index sensing structure in multimode optical fiber is designed, and the refractive index sensing characteristics of Fabry-P 茅 rot interference (Fabry-P 茅 rot Interferometer) combined with Michelson interference are studied theoretically. The compensation of temperature crosstalk for MI interferometric refractive index measurement by FPI interference peak sensing characteristics is also studied. At the same time, the sensing characteristics of refractive index and temperature sensitivity are simulated by using MATLAB software. The optimum parameters of the microcavity are determined by the influence of the size and relative position of the microcavity on the reflectance spectrum. Then, the refractive index sensing structure of MI microcavity in multimode fiber is fabricated by femtosecond laser-induced water breakdown technique and fusion technique, and its refractive index and temperature sensing characteristics are studied. The MI interference peak of 1.333-1.3487 has a very high sensitivity of 11523.8nm / r RIU.The temperature sensitivity in air is 49.43pm / oC in 18.77-55.38oC. At the same time, the temperature compensation of refractive index measurement is carried out by measuring the sensitivity of FPI interference peak, which reduces the temperature crosstalk and improves the precision of refractive index measurement. Finally, the refractive index sensing structure of MI microcavity in multimode optical fiber is optimized by the function of Beam PROP in beam Propagation method (Rsoft) software. A single-mode single-mode fiber sensing structure based on single-mode single-mode fiber (SMF) is designed and fabricated. The refractive index and temperature sensing characteristics of SMF-based microcavity are studied. The refractive index and temperature sensitivity of MI microcavity refractive index sensing structure in single multimode fiber cascade structure are not different, but the spectral quality has been improved. It is proved that the optimized structure not only ensures the sensitivity, but also effectively enhances the function of MI, which makes the spectral quality better and more favorable for sensing. Finally, the encapsulation method of the refractive index sensing structure of fiber optic MI microcavity is studied. A cylindrical stainless steel tube and quartz glass tube sensor probe with a length of 2 cm and a diameter of 2mm is encapsulated. The sensor is small in volume, light in weight and strong in corrosion resistance. High mechanical strength, suitable for marine environmental detection, practical prospects are extensive.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212;TN253

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