S波段4.8MW医用脉冲磁控管制管难点的研究与突破

发布时间：2018-09-06 16:19

【摘要】：磁控管自从发明以来,因其具备输出功率大、效率高、工作电压低、体积小、重量轻、成本低等特点,在过去的几十年中,磁控管的使用领域在不断扩大,在军事、工业、农业、医疗等领域都能见到它的身影。人们在生活中最常接触到的磁控管是微波炉用磁控管,但是这种磁控管与我们在本文所介绍的磁控管还有一些不同。在过去的一段时间内,真空器件的应用领域被固态器件所慢慢占据和替代,磁控管的应用也显得有些狭隘,但是因为磁控管的一些独有特性,在一些特殊领域,磁控管仍然发挥着巨大的作用,比如高端医疗器械、工业级探伤装备、原油管道加热装备等,随着人们对磁控管应用研究的不断拓展,未来还可能应用在更多的领域。本文主要研究的是S波段4.8MW磁控管的制造及其在医疗电子领域的应用。文章通过对国外广泛使用的医用直线加速器的分析和研究,设计了以TOSHIBA公司M4543磁控管为样本的磁控管,重点对该管的结构、关键技术、工艺制造过程及应用情况进行了描述,通过对管子设计过程中存在的种种问题与难点的研究分析,提出了优化措施。该管在设计过程中,重点研究了管子阳极尺寸的计算、灯丝的制作以及能量输出器的设计,同时针对避免原日本管型中使用戺钨阴极所带来的放射性,独创性地使用了钡钨阴极,较好地实现了对原有材料的替代和对放射性损害的规避。此外,对该管在整机上进行匹配验证,详实对比了原样管与该管型的测试结果,结论显示该管可完美替代进口管型。最终从应用效果上证明该课题研究的成功性,顺利实现了研究的目标,填补了国内磁控管在该医用加速器使用方面使用的空白。该课题在研制过程中仍然存在一些问题,作者针对这些问题提出了自己的想法和思路,并计划在后续的工作中不断优化工艺制程,提高该磁控管的各项性能指标,使得该管型能够应用在更多领域,同时作者从利于产业发展的角度,提出了一些医用磁控管产业发展建议。同时,本文对磁控管在医疗领域的应用情况进行了介绍,重点分析了医用磁控管的市场情况和主要医用磁控管的生产企业情况。此外,该课题的研究过程中使用到了微波工作室的CST软件,利用该软件对该课题设计的磁控管进行了仿真验证,本文中也简要就该软件的作用和实现的仿真情况作了介绍。
[Abstract]:Since the invention of magnetron, it has the characteristics of high output power, high efficiency, low working voltage, small volume, light weight, low cost and so on. In the past few decades, the use of magnetron has been expanding in military and industrial fields. It can be seen in agriculture, medicine and other fields. The most commonly used magnetron in our life is the microwave magnetron, but this kind of magnetron is different from the magnetron we have introduced in this paper. In the past, the application field of vacuum devices has been gradually occupied and replaced by solid-state devices, and the application of magnetron seems a little narrow, but because of some unique characteristics of magnetron, it is in some special fields. Magnetron still plays a great role, such as high-end medical devices, industrial equipment, crude oil pipeline heating equipment and so on. With the development of applications of magnetron, it may be used in more fields in the future. In this paper, the fabrication of S band 4.8MW magnetron and its application in medical electronics are studied. Based on the analysis and research of the medical linear accelerator widely used abroad, the magnetron with M4543 magnetron of TOSHIBA Company as the sample is designed. The structure, key technology, process manufacturing process and application of the tube are described in detail. Through the research and analysis of various problems and difficulties in the course of pipe design, the optimization measures are put forward. During the design of the tube, the calculation of the anode size of the tube, the fabrication of the filament and the design of the energy output device are emphatically studied. At the same time, in order to avoid the radioactivity caused by the use of the tungsten cathode in the original Japanese tube, The original use of barium-tungsten cathode makes it possible to replace the original material and avoid the radioactive damage. In addition, the matching verification of the tube on the whole machine is carried out, and the test results of the original tube and the tube type are compared in detail. The conclusion shows that the tube can replace the imported tube perfectly. Finally, it proves the success of the research from the application effect, realizes the goal of the research successfully, and fills the blank of the domestic magnetron in the use of the medical accelerator. There are still some problems in the research and development of this subject. The author puts forward his own ideas and ideas for these problems, and plans to optimize the process in the following work to improve the performance of the magnetron. At the same time, the author puts forward some suggestions for the development of medical magnetron industry from the point of view of industry development. At the same time, the application of the magnetron in the medical field is introduced, and the market situation of the medical magnetron and the production enterprise of the main medical magnetron are analyzed. In addition, the CST software of the microwave studio is used in the course of the research. The magnetron designed in this project is simulated and verified by the software. The function and implementation of the software are also briefly introduced in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN123

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