地震作用下斜坡失稳判别宏观指标评价方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-13 10:01

本文选题：地震活动 + 斜坡失稳　；参考：《中国地震局工程力学研究所》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国地处环太平洋地震带与喜马拉雅山—地中海地震带之间,地震活动频度高、强度大、灾害重。强烈地震导致的崩塌、滑坡等地质灾害,给人类的生命、财产等带来了巨大的损失。为了减少由地震斜坡导致的灾害,利用宏观指标判别斜坡失稳,已成为我国当今岩土工程和地震工程领域重要的研究课题之一。地震诱发的斜坡失稳往往具有数量多、分布广等特点,数值计算中需要通过勘察、试验等方法获取大量的模型参数和力学参数,这就导致投入的费用及人力物力成本较高,无法适应大区域、多点位的滑坡预测需求。在城市规划的初级阶段和震后应急等工作中,往往不需要或来不及对区域内的斜坡进行精准的预测,通常需要依据已有的资料或简单的野外调查给出斜坡宏观稳定性判断。因此,研究斜坡失稳的宏观判别方法对城市防灾规划和震后应急具有重要的实际意义。本文介绍了国内外滑坡稳定性评价方法的研究现状并总结了影响斜坡稳定性的主要因素。在前人研究的基础上,结合我国地震滑坡实例,确定了岩性、内摩擦角、粘聚力、坡角、坡高、年均降水量、地震动峰值加速度等评价地震作用下斜坡失稳的宏观评价指标。这些宏观指标在地震现场可以通过地质地形图、水文资料、地震烈度资料等,或通过简单的野外勘察工作获取。本文主要研究岩质滑坡,对叠溪地震、炉霍地震、龙陵地震、松潘平武地震、云南丽江地震、汶川地震、鲁甸地震等地震中失稳斜坡和稳定斜坡中各个宏观评价指标进行分级和赋值、计算综合指标值,分析得出判断斜坡失稳的临界值并建立我国地震斜坡宏观指标评价方法。通过对芦山地震作用下斜坡实例进行失稳判别,验证评价方法的适用性。同时,本文也采取了拟静力强度折减法对典型边坡进行数值模拟计算并与宏观指标评价结果进行对比,进一步验证了宏观方法的合理性。本文的研究工作对开展城市防灾规划和震后应急工作具有重要的实用价值。
[Abstract]:China is located between the Pacific Rim seismic belt and the Himalaya-Mediterranean seismic belt. The collapse, landslide and other geological disasters caused by strong earthquake have brought huge losses to human life and property. In order to reduce the disasters caused by seismic slopes, it has become one of the important research topics in the field of geotechnical engineering and seismic engineering in China to use macroscopic indexes to judge slope instability. Earthquake induced slope instability often has the characteristics of large quantity and wide distribution. In numerical calculation, a large number of model parameters and mechanical parameters need to be obtained by means of investigation and test, which leads to the high cost of investment and manpower and material resources. Unable to adapt to large area, multi-point landslide forecast demand. In the primary stage of urban planning and post-earthquake emergency response, it is not necessary or too late to predict the slope in the region accurately. It is usually necessary to judge the macroscopic stability of the slope based on the existing data or simple field investigation. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the macroscopic discrimination method of slope instability for urban disaster prevention planning and post-earthquake emergency response. This paper introduces the research status of landslide stability evaluation methods at home and abroad and summarizes the main factors affecting slope stability. On the basis of previous studies, combined with the example of earthquake landslide in China, the macroscopic evaluation indexes of slope instability under earthquake are determined, such as lithology, angle of internal friction, cohesion, slope angle, slope height, average annual precipitation, peak acceleration of ground motion and so on. These macroscopic indexes can be obtained from geological topographic maps hydrological data seismic intensity data and so on or through simple field survey work. This paper mainly studies the rock landslide, the Yanxi earthquake, the Luho earthquake, the Longling earthquake, the Songpan Pingwu earthquake, the Yunnan Lijiang earthquake, the Wenchuan earthquake, Every macroscopic evaluation index of unstable slope and stable slope in Ludian earthquake and other earthquakes is classified and assigned, the comprehensive index value is calculated, the critical value of judging slope instability is analyzed, and the evaluation method of macro index of seismic slope in China is established. The applicability of the evaluation method is verified by judging the instability of slopes under the Lushan earthquake. At the same time, the pseudostatic strength reduction method is used to simulate the typical slope and compare with the result of macroscopic index evaluation, which further verifies the rationality of the macroscopic method. The research work in this paper has important practical value for urban disaster prevention planning and post-earthquake emergency response.
【学位授予单位】：中国地震局工程力学研究所
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU435

【参考文献】