黑龙江肇州旱灌区强开放边界含水层地下水动态监测与分析

发布时间：2018-06-21 05:00

本文选题：农灌区 + 强开放边界　；参考：《黑龙江大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：地下水监测是一种同时具备基础性和公益性的工作,通过监测地下水水位与水质等水情要素,可以反映地下水的动态变化。随着社会的飞速发展,对地下水开采的依赖性也逐渐加强,为了社会的可持续发展,应合理的开采与利用地下水。以肇州县为例,通过对肇州县的多次实地探勘基本掌握了当地的水文地质情况,结合肇州县水务局所提供的原始资料,对肇州县的含水层进行了论述与分析;另外,根据监测井网的分布对肇州县的监测井网进行了论述与分析;最后根据测得地下水埋深、井口坐标、井口高程等一些数据和原始积累的资料,分别从单井年内动态、单井多年动态、井网年内动态以及井网多年动态等角度,对肇州县地下水水位与流网进行了动态分析。从分析结果可以看出,因肇州县含水层具有较强的物质交换与能量循环的特征,将其定义为强开放边界含水层,并在地理面貌、地壳活动、剥蚀作用、分异强度等作用下,致使肇州县的地下水大致呈现出由东到西,第四系底层和第三系底层由深变浅,岩性由单一变为复杂,含水层由薄变厚,地下水由少增多,地下水埋深由深变浅等,有规律变化;监测井网是地下水监测的基础性设施,因其监测级别为区域级,均用民用井与生产井代替;肇州县的地下水位年季之间呈现周期性变化,且周期略具有延迟性,呈现单峰单谷形态,地下水动态类型属于入渗—蒸发型;从地下水水位的年内空间动态和多年空间动态变化可以得出地下水开采量包括生产、生活、灌溉等用水逐年增加是肇州县地下水位逐渐降低的主要因素并且从多年监测结果可以看出随着经济发展的加快肇州县的地下水水位在逐年下降,应采取有效措施防止这种情况继续恶化。
[Abstract]:Groundwater monitoring is a kind of basic and public welfare work. Monitoring groundwater level and water quality can reflect the dynamic change of groundwater. With the rapid development of society, the dependence on groundwater exploitation is gradually strengthened. For the sustainable development of society, groundwater should be exploited and utilized reasonably. Taking Zhaozhou County as an example, the author basically grasps the local hydrogeological situation through several field surveys in Zhaozhou County, and discusses and analyzes the aquifer in Zhaozhou County in combination with the original data provided by the Zhaozhou County Water Bureau. According to the distribution of monitoring well pattern, the monitoring well pattern in Zhaozhou county is discussed and analyzed. In this paper, the groundwater level and drift-pattern of Zhaozhou County are analyzed in terms of the multi-year performance of single well, the dynamic of well pattern and the multi-year performance of well pattern. From the analysis results, it can be seen that the Zhaozhou aquifer has strong characteristics of material exchange and energy cycle, which is defined as a strong open boundary aquifer, and under the action of geography, crustal activity, denudation, differentiation and so on. As a result, the groundwater in Zhaozhou County generally appears from east to west, the bottom of Quaternary and Tertiary from deep to shallow, lithology from single to complex, aquifer from thin to thick, groundwater from less increase, groundwater depth from deep to shallow, etc. The monitoring well pattern is the basic facility for groundwater monitoring, because of its regional level, it is replaced by civil wells and production wells. The groundwater level in Zhaozhou County varies periodically between seasons and years, and the period is slightly delayed. The groundwater dynamic type belongs to infiltration and evaporation type, and the groundwater exploitation amount includes production and life from the spatial dynamics of groundwater level within a year and from the spatial dynamic change in many years. The increase of irrigation and other water use is the main factor for the gradual decrease of groundwater level in Zhaozhou County, and it can be seen from the monitoring results for many years that the groundwater level of Zhaozhou County is decreasing year by year with the acceleration of economic development. Effective measures should be taken to prevent further deterioration of the situation.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P641.74

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