辽东太子河流域晚石炭世刺毛类生长形态与礁体建造的研究

发布时间：2018-07-21 11:25

【摘要】：晚石炭世莫斯科期刺毛类(Chaetetids)是重要的造礁生物,在全球范围内广泛分布并建造礁体。中国已报道的刺毛类礁主要分布在辽东太子河流域,产在上石炭统本溪组海相灰岩中。刺毛类生长形态多样,有层状、板状、丘状、分枝状和柱状,主要以板状覆盖沉积物的方式造礁。研究区刺毛类礁中刺毛类生长形态及其所主导的生物群落在垂向上变化明显,由此将礁体的建造划分为三个阶段:(1)定殖阶段:刺毛类较少,生长方式单一,多以层状形态生长在棘屑滩上。层状刺毛类体积小,抗浪能力较弱,很难在其周围创造水流平缓的可供其他底栖生物生存的环境。因而该阶段群落生物种类单一,数量稀少;(2)繁盛阶段:刺毛类丰富,生长形态多样,以板状、分枝状和丘状为主。板状刺毛类单独形成的礁骨架,或与分枝状和丘状刺毛类组合起来的礁骨架,都能在其周围一定范围营造适宜底栖生物生存的环境,因此该阶段群落的生物多样性高;(3)衰退阶段:刺毛类很少,多为薄层状,断续生长在棘屑组成的基底上。薄层状刺毛类很脆弱,基本失去改善周围环境的能力,因此该阶段群落生物多样性很低。以上分析说明刺毛类生长形态的变化可以影响生物群落的组成和演化。生物群落的演化过程就是礁体建造的过程。从刺毛类生长形态的角度研究礁体建造过程,为分析由具有多种生长形态的造礁生物建造的生物礁的成礁机制提供新思路。
[Abstract]:Chaetetids (late Carboniferous) is an important reef-forming organism, which is widely distributed and constructed in the world. The spiny reefs reported in China are mainly distributed in the Taixing River basin of eastern Liaoning Province and occur in the marine limestone of Benxi formation of Upper Carboniferous. The growth forms of the species are various, such as stratiform, platelike, hillock, branched and columnar, and the reef is mainly made by covering the sediment with the plate. In the study area, the growth morphology and the dominant biota of the spiny reef changed obviously vertically, so the reef formation was divided into three stages: (1) the colonization stage: there were fewer spines and a single growth pattern in the reef, and the formation of the reef was divided into three stages: (1) the colonization stage: the growth pattern of the reef was single. Most of them grow in stratiform on the spiny beach. Because of its small size and weak ability to resist waves, stratiform spines are difficult to create a gentle flow environment for other benthos to survive. Therefore, the species of community in this stage is single and the number is rare; (2) in the flourishing stage, the spines are abundant, and the growth forms are various, mainly in the form of plate, branching and mound. Reef skeletons formed alone or in combination with branched and cumulus spines can create an environment around them that is suitable for the survival of benthos. Therefore, the biodiversity of the community in this stage is high; (3) in the declining stage, there are few thorns, most of which are thin-layer, and they grow intermittently on the substrate composed of spines. Thin-layer trichomes are fragile and have little ability to improve the surrounding environment, so the community biodiversity is very low at this stage. The above analysis shows that the change of growth morphology of Cynura can affect the composition and evolution of biota. The evolution of biota is the process of reef formation. The study on the process of reef formation from the point of view of the growth morphology of the spiny species provides a new idea for analyzing the reef-forming mechanism of the reef constructed by the reef-forming organisms with various growth forms.
【作者单位】：东北大学地质系;辽宁省化石资源保护管理局;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(编号41202018,41572004) 博士点基金项目(编号20110042120043) 基本科研业务费项目(编号N120401001)资助的成果
【分类号】：Q915

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