三维有限元分析方法评估隧道开挖对建筑结构的影响
发布时间：2019-03-18 09:47
【摘要】：随着城市的快速发展,在建设地下轨道方面,隧道开挖所引起的地表沉降对周边结构的影响的评估成为很关键的一个分支。本文的目的主要是通过使用三维有限元方法,评估盾构隧道开挖对地表沉降以及地表运动所带来的地面建筑结构变形的影响。 为了达到这一目的,在理论方面,主要根据英国教授Potts和Zdravkovic提出的有限元分析方法；在研究对象方面,针对无建筑情况和地表建有混凝土框架结构建筑的情况分别进行考虑；在软件应用方面,主要采用ABAQUS/CAE对上述两种研究对象情况分别进行三维有限元模拟分析。首先,基于本论文的工程背景选取适合的参数与几何尺寸,建立三维有限元模型；之后,以无建筑存在条件和有建筑存在条件这两种情况为研究对象进行软件模拟分析并考虑不同的参数,包括隧道衬砌刚度的大小、地表建筑结构刚度的大小、建筑偏心距与宽度之比e/B,并与现场测量数据和相关设计曲线进行比较。通过分析和比较可知,无建筑条件下,随着开挖深度的增加,地表在横断面和纵断面处的沉降逐渐增大,且衬砌刚度越小,地表沉降值越大；有建筑条件下,当偏心距e=0、不同楼层建筑时,建筑的结构刚度越大(即楼层越高),其对松弛区和拱区的建筑位移约束越强,当楼层不变、e/B不同时,e/B越大,松弛区建筑的位移越小,而拱区建筑的位移越大。 本文的创新点在于： 1、本文采用“相对刚度法”来等效模拟实际的建筑结构,这样做的优点在于采用三维壳单元来等效替代建筑,通过输入不同的参数来等效替代不同楼层,节省了大量的时间和计算存储空间； 2、在参数分析中,本文将建筑偏心距与建筑宽度整合为一个参数e/B来考虑； 3、本文以相对抗弯刚度ρ*和修正因子M为两个比较指标,将各参数进行归一化考虑,并将其计算结果与设计曲线进行比较,以评估地表建筑的安全性。 本文共有图65幅,表15个,参考文献71篇。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the city, the assessment of the influence of ground subsidence caused by tunnel excavation on the surrounding structure becomes a key branch in the construction of underground track. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the influence of shield tunnel excavation on surface subsidence and ground structure deformation caused by surface movement by using three-dimensional finite element method. In order to achieve this goal, in theory, mainly according to the British professors Potts and Zdravkovic put forward the finite element analysis method, in the research object, in view of the no-building situation and the construction of concrete frame structure on the ground are considered separately; In the aspect of software application, the three-dimensional finite element simulation and analysis of the above two kinds of research objects are mainly carried out by using ABAQUS/CAE. Firstly, based on the engineering background of this paper, the suitable parameters and geometric dimensions are selected, and the 3D finite element model is established. After that, the software is used to simulate and analyze the non-existence condition and the existing condition of the building, and consider the different parameters, including the stiffness of tunnel lining and the stiffness of the building structure on the ground. The ratio of eccentricity to width of the building is compared with field measurement data and related design curves. Through the analysis and comparison, it can be seen that with the increase of excavation depth, the settlement of the surface at the cross-section and the longitudinal section increases gradually, and the smaller the stiffness of the lining, the greater the settlement value of the surface. In the case of buildings with eccentricity and different floors, the greater the structural stiffness (that is, the higher the floor), the stronger the structural displacement constraints on the relaxation zone and the arch area, and when the floors remain unchanged, the larger the eb is, the greater the structural stiffness (that is, the higher the floor), the stronger the structural displacement constraints on the relaxation zone and the arch area. The smaller the displacement of relaxed buildings is, the greater the displacement of arched buildings is. The innovation of this paper is as follows: 1, this paper uses "relative stiffness method" to simulate the actual building structure, and the advantage of this method is that the three-dimensional shell element is used to replace the building equivalent. By inputting different parameters to replace different floors, a lot of time and storage space can be saved. 2. In the parameter analysis, the eccentricity and the width of the building are integrated into a parameter E _ (B) to consider the eccentricity of the building and the width of the building. 3, taking the relative bending stiffness 蟻 * and the correction factor M as two comparative indexes, the parameters are normalized, and the calculated results are compared with the design curves to evaluate the safety of the surface buildings. In this paper, there are 65 diagrams, 15 tables and 71 references.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U455;TU433
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the city, the assessment of the influence of ground subsidence caused by tunnel excavation on the surrounding structure becomes a key branch in the construction of underground track. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the influence of shield tunnel excavation on surface subsidence and ground structure deformation caused by surface movement by using three-dimensional finite element method. In order to achieve this goal, in theory, mainly according to the British professors Potts and Zdravkovic put forward the finite element analysis method, in the research object, in view of the no-building situation and the construction of concrete frame structure on the ground are considered separately; In the aspect of software application, the three-dimensional finite element simulation and analysis of the above two kinds of research objects are mainly carried out by using ABAQUS/CAE. Firstly, based on the engineering background of this paper, the suitable parameters and geometric dimensions are selected, and the 3D finite element model is established. After that, the software is used to simulate and analyze the non-existence condition and the existing condition of the building, and consider the different parameters, including the stiffness of tunnel lining and the stiffness of the building structure on the ground. The ratio of eccentricity to width of the building is compared with field measurement data and related design curves. Through the analysis and comparison, it can be seen that with the increase of excavation depth, the settlement of the surface at the cross-section and the longitudinal section increases gradually, and the smaller the stiffness of the lining, the greater the settlement value of the surface. In the case of buildings with eccentricity and different floors, the greater the structural stiffness (that is, the higher the floor), the stronger the structural displacement constraints on the relaxation zone and the arch area, and when the floors remain unchanged, the larger the eb is, the greater the structural stiffness (that is, the higher the floor), the stronger the structural displacement constraints on the relaxation zone and the arch area. The smaller the displacement of relaxed buildings is, the greater the displacement of arched buildings is. The innovation of this paper is as follows: 1, this paper uses "relative stiffness method" to simulate the actual building structure, and the advantage of this method is that the three-dimensional shell element is used to replace the building equivalent. By inputting different parameters to replace different floors, a lot of time and storage space can be saved. 2. In the parameter analysis, the eccentricity and the width of the building are integrated into a parameter E _ (B) to consider the eccentricity of the building and the width of the building. 3, taking the relative bending stiffness 蟻 * and the correction factor M as two comparative indexes, the parameters are normalized, and the calculated results are compared with the design curves to evaluate the safety of the surface buildings. In this paper, there are 65 diagrams, 15 tables and 71 references.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U455;TU433
【参考文献】
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