高分辨率遥感影像海岛礁地表覆盖变化检测与分析

发布时间：2018-01-20 03:31

本文关键词： 海岛礁海岸线提取变化检测变化分析　出处：《兰州交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：海岛礁地表覆盖变化检测与分析,是海岛礁测绘的重要组成部分。通过这项工作,可以普查海岛礁地表覆盖情况,编制海岛礁地图,实现海岛礁地表覆盖动态监测。通过动态监测,掌握海岛礁的整体发展变化状况,为海岛礁开发与保护政策的制定提供依据,有利于合理开发海岛礁资源,改善海岛礁民生和生态环境。本文结合现有测绘资料,从海岛礁地表覆盖动态监测的实际需求出发,构建海岛礁地表覆盖变化检测与分析技术体系,包括海岛礁范围界定、海岛礁地表覆盖变化检测和海岛礁地表覆盖变化分析三个方面。海岛礁范围界定,是通过提取海岸线来划分海陆边界,明确变化检测的研究范围。文中介绍三种海岸线提取方法分别为:基于遥感影像利用边缘检测算子自动提取海岸线、基于DEM和潮位数据自动提取海岸线和基于立体像对目视解译提取海岸线。从海岛礁地表覆盖变化检测的需求出发,设计两种变化检测方法,分别为快速变化检测和精细变化检测。快速变化检测是对变化情况的迅速判断与反应,采用基于迭代加权的多变量变化识别方法进行变化检测,提取结果只反应变化范围与位置,不包含变化地类信息。精细变化检测采用面向对象的分类后变化检测方法,检测结果除了反映位置和面积信息外,还包含变化地物的具体变化类别及变化发生的方向。海岛礁地表覆盖变化分析是对地表覆盖演变过程的统计研究,也是对变化检测结果的充分利用。以变化检测结果为基础数据,通过数量分析,转移矩阵分析和动态度分析等多种模型,对海岛礁地表覆盖演变情况进行统计说明。同时结合研究区自然环境与经济、社会、人文等发展状况,对研究区内发生的各类变化进行了分析与说明。最后,论文选取典型的海岛礁为试验区,通过实验验证所构建海岛礁地表覆盖变化检测与分析技术体系的适用性。实验基于多源高分辨率遥感影像,以西沙宣德群岛中七连屿之赵述岛为试验区,按照完整的技术流程,对赵述岛多时相的地表覆盖情况进行了变化检测与分析。
[Abstract]:The detection and analysis of sea island reef surface cover change is an important part of the sea island reef mapping. Through this work, we can survey the sea island reef surface cover and compile the sea island reef map. Through dynamic monitoring, we can grasp the overall development and change of the sea islands and reefs, provide the basis for the development and protection policy of the sea islands and reefs, and help to develop the resources of the islands and reefs reasonably. Based on the existing surveying and mapping data, based on the actual needs of dynamic monitoring of sea island and reef surface cover, a technical system for detection and analysis of sea island reef surface cover change is constructed. It includes three aspects: the definition of sea island and reef scope, the detection of sea island reef surface cover change and the analysis of sea island reef surface cover change. In this paper, three methods of shoreline extraction are introduced: based on remote sensing image, edge detection operator is used to automatically extract coastline. Based on DEM and tidal level data, the coastline is automatically extracted and the shoreline is extracted by stereoscopic visual interpretation. Two change detection methods are designed based on the requirements of surface cover detection of sea islands and reefs. Fast change detection is the rapid judgment and response of change, and multivariable change recognition method based on iterative weighting is used to detect change. The extraction results only reflect the range and position of change, and do not contain the information of changing ground. The fine change detection adopts the method of object oriented classification after change detection, and the detection results reflect the information of location and area except for the information of location and area. The analysis of the surface cover change of the islands and reefs is a statistical study of the evolution process of the surface cover. It is also the full use of change detection results. Change detection results as the basis of data, through quantitative analysis, transfer matrix analysis and dynamic analysis and other models. At the same time, combined with the development of natural environment, economy, society, humanities and so on, the paper analyzed and explained all kinds of changes in the study area. In this paper, a typical sea island and reef is selected as the experimental area to verify the applicability of the technical system of surface cover change detection and analysis constructed by the experiment. The experiment is based on multi-source high-resolution remote sensing images. Taking Zhaoshu Island of Qilianyu in Xisha Xuande Islands as the experimental area, the change detection and analysis of the surface coverage of Zhaoshu Island in many phases were carried out according to the complete technical process.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P237;P229

【相似文献】