极端低温环境下柴油机的快速起动研究

发布时间：2017-12-28 21:30

本文关键词：极端低温环境下柴油机的快速起动研究　出处：《重庆交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：由于我国地域辽阔,多地冬季平均温度都在-10℃以下,其中平均温度在-25℃以下的地区占到全国总面积的25%,我国内蒙古、新疆、西藏等西北地区最冷月份平均温度在-25℃到-41℃之间,最低温度甚至达到-53℃。近年来柴油机在极端低温环境下的冷起动,一直是制约柴油机在西部地区应用的一个重要因素。针对柴油机在极端低温下冷起动困难的问题。一些特种车辆,例如急救车辆、军用战备车辆等在极端低温环境下的快速起动研究显得尤为重要。本文以-50oC~-30oC这段极端低温环境作为研究条件,以某企业的TY1100型柴油机为研究对象,设计了一种极端低温下的柴油机冷起动电热塞方案,并在热力学和动力学的基础上,利用热力学第一定律、质量守恒方程、理想气体状态方程等经典方程,建立TY1100柴油机在极端低温环境下柴油机的数学模型,并分析研究了柴油机使用该电热塞后缸内温度随曲轴转角的变化,验证了使用电热塞实现快速起动的可行性和可靠性。本文主要做了以下几方面的工作:①对TY1100柴油机在极端低温环境下缸内的工作过程进行分析,建立柴油机在极端低温环境下冷起动的数学模型,并对柴油机在快速冷起动过程中不同热力阶段的数学模型进行了简化,建立了柴油机起动的边界条件,并对求解过程中遇到的未知数进行转化或利用经验进行公式化表达。②分析和建立了TY1100柴油机在极端低温下快速冷起动过程中的子模型:气体动力学模型、摩擦损失模型、漏气模型、气体换热与燃烧过程模型。③分析研究了现有电热塞的结构和材料,改进设计了一种适合极端低温环境下的应急启动电热塞,包括结构设计和材料选型,并分析建立电热塞的数学模型,验证了其相关指标。④利用龙格库塔法求解常微分方程的数学计算方法,使用C语言软件对所建立的数学模型进行了编程,得到了发动机缸内温度与曲轴转角的关系曲线、漏气质量流率与缸内压力的关系曲线等。⑤分析了TY1100低温环境下柴油机冷起动困难的主要原因并提出相关的解决方案。同时与常温下柴油机的起动进行了对比性分析,验证了在极端低温环境下使用本文提出的电热塞对柴油机起动过程产生的影响。验证本文提出的电磁感应电热塞的可行性和有效性。
[Abstract]:Because of China's vast territory, more than the average winter temperature at -10 DEG C, the average temperature at -25 degrees below the region accounted for 25% of the total area of Northwest China, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Tibet, the coldest month average temperature at -25 degrees to -41 degrees, the minimum temperature even reaches -53 DEG C. In recent years, the cold start of diesel engine in extreme low temperature environment has been an important factor restricting the application of diesel engine in the western region. It is difficult for diesel engine to start cold starting at extreme low temperature. Some special vehicles, such as emergency vehicles and military combat vehicles, are particularly important in the study of fast start in extreme low temperature environment. In this paper -50oC~-30oC this period of extreme low temperature environment as the research condition of an enterprise based on the TY1100 diesel engine as the research object, the design scheme of a starting electric plug of extreme low temperature of the diesel engine under cold, and on the basis of thermodynamics and kinetics, using the first law of thermodynamics, mass conservation equation and the state equation of ideal gas and other classic the establishment of TY1100 equation, mathematical model of diesel diesel engine in extreme low temperature environment machine, and analysis of the diesel engine using the electric plug temperature inside the cylinder changes with the crank angle, verify the feasibility and reliability of using electric heating plug to achieve quick start. This paper mainly do the following work: analysis of TY1100 diesel engine working process in extreme low temperature environment inside the cylinder, establishing mathematical model of the diesel engine in the extreme low temperature environment in cold start, and the diesel engine in cold starting fast mathematical model of different thermal phase in the process was simplified, is established diesel engine starting conditions, and to meet in the process of solving the unknown transformation or formula expressed by experience. (2) the sub model of TY1100 diesel engine in the process of rapid cold start at extreme low temperature is analyzed and established: the gas dynamic model, the friction loss model, the leakage model, the gas heat transfer and combustion process model. The analysis of the structure and material of existing electric plug, improved design of a suitable emergency start electric extreme low temperature environment plug, including the structural design and material selection, and analyzes the mathematical model of the glow plug, verify the relevant indicators. Fourth, we use Runge Kutta method to solve the ordinary differential equation's mathematical calculation method. We programmed the mathematical model by using C language software, and got the relationship curve between the cylinder temperature and the crankshaft angle, the relationship between the leakage mass flow rate and the cylinder pressure. The main reasons for the difficult cold start of diesel engine in TY1100 low temperature environment are analyzed and the relevant solutions are put forward. At the same time, a comparative analysis is made with the start of diesel engine at normal temperature. The influence of the electric plug on diesel engine starting process is verified under extreme low temperature. The feasibility of electromagnetic induction electric plug and verify the proposed validity.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TK421

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