直喷式汽油机微粒排放规律与控制策略的研究进展

发布时间：2018-01-10 14:37

本文关键词：直喷式汽油机微粒排放规律与控制策略的研究进展　出处：《科学通报》2016年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：直喷式汽油机因较高的热效率而得到广泛的应用,然而它存在微粒排放较高的缺点.由于碳烟微粒的潜在致癌性,国际上开始将直喷式汽油机的微粒排放质量和数量列入新的排放法规进行限制.针对这一问题,国际上开展了大量的探索性研究.结果发现,直喷式汽油机的微粒排放主要来源于活塞顶面、气缸壁面、气门底面等处附着的燃油发生非预混合燃烧以及混合气分层燃烧.因而汽油机的混合气制备方式、燃油喷射参数、燃料物理化学特性、环境条件、运行工况参数等对微粒排放质量和微粒数量有显著影响.此外,乘用车排放测试是在底盘测功机上运行不同的工况循环,各种法规的工况条件不同,因而同一台汽车也会得到不同的排放测试结果.本文针对国际上的最新研究,系统总结了直喷式汽油机微粒生成路径、微粒生成影响因素与控制策略、汽油醇微粒排放特点、工况循环对微粒排放影响等几个方面的最新进展,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望.
[Abstract]:Direct injection gasoline engine due to its high thermal efficiency and wide range of applications, but it has the drawback of high particulate emissions. The potential carcinogenicity of soot particles, the beginning of the international quality and quantity of particulate emissions of direct injection gasoline engine emission regulations included in the new restrictions. For this problem, the international to carry out an exploratory research on a large number of particles. The results showed that the direct injection gasoline engine emissions mainly come from the top surface of the piston, the cylinder wall surface, the bottom surface of the valve attachment at the fuel non premixed combustion and gas mixture stratified combustion. Mixed gas preparation and gasoline engine, fuel injection parameters, chemical fuel characteristics, physical environment conditions, operating parameters had significant influence on the quality and quantity of particulate emissions of particles. In addition, the passenger car is running a different emission test cycle on chassis dynamometer, the various laws and regulations. Conditions are different, so the same car will get the emission test results of different. According to the latest international research, summarized the particle direct injection gasoline engine generating path, particle formation factors and control strategies, characteristics of particulate emissions from gasoline alcohol, on the latest progress of ring conditions on particle emission etc. in several aspects, and the future research direction was prospected.

【作者单位】：泛亚汽车技术中心有限公司;上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院;
【基金】：国家杰出青年科学基金(51425602)资助
【分类号】：TK411.5
【正文快照】： 自20世纪90年代中后期开始,缸内直喷(GDI)汽油机因显著的充量冷却效果、更高的压缩比、较低的泵气损失而比同排量进气道喷射发动机(PFI)功率输出更大、热效率更高、燃油消耗率更低,故而被大规模装备到乘用车上.但由于燃料是在进气行程或压缩行程才被直接喷射到燃烧室,蒸发雾化

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