基于PLC的大型锅炉自控系统的研究与应用

发布时间：2018-01-20 12:11

本文关键词： 自控系统 PLC 模糊控制锅炉 PID　出处：《河北科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国工业锅炉量大面广,多为人工控制,稳定性与精度不高,已经不能适应生产过程智能化的生产要求。本文结合某工厂大型热油锅炉系统,介绍了目前锅炉的基本运行情况和各种控制方法,构建了PLC与上位机相结合并以模糊自适应PID为控制策略的锅炉自控系统,对大型锅炉的改造流程、工作原理及程序设计进行了详细的说明。使锅炉处于最佳的燃烧状态并保证锅炉的安全经济运行。本文的主要工作为以下几个方面:分析自动控制系统和燃煤锅炉的现状和发展以及燃煤锅炉自控系统改造前的特点,对现有的锅炉自动控制方案进行分析比较,最终选用PLC与上位机组成控制系统对燃煤锅炉进行改造。根据合作企业提出的要求,提出系统改造的总体设计方案和具体的控制策略。用模糊自适应PID控制算法构建基于PLC的锅炉模糊自适应PID控制器,并重点对控制器的设计进行了详细的说明,最终实现了基于PLC的锅炉模糊自适应PID控制。构建PLC与上位机组成的自控系统,选择处理器及模块,分配I/O点,解决PLC与上位机之间的实时通讯问题。编写PLC程序,分别对炉排电机、鼓风机变频器和引风机变频器进行控制,以及编写故障连锁反映程序,保证系统快速响应,平稳运行并及时发现问题解决问题。利用组态软件开发人际交互界面,实现对锅炉的实时监控。本文最终实现了对锅炉的自动化控制,改造后的系统投入使用后运行十分稳定,为工人营造了良好的工作环境,为企业创造了经济效益。
[Abstract]:The industrial boiler in our country is widely used, mostly controlled by man, and its stability and precision are not high, so it can not meet the requirement of intelligent production process. This paper combines the large scale hot oil boiler system of a factory. This paper introduces the basic operation situation and various control methods of the boiler at present, and constructs a boiler automatic control system which combines PLC with the upper computer and takes fuzzy adaptive PID as the control strategy to reconstruct the large-scale boiler. The working principle and program design are explained in detail. The boiler is in the best state of combustion and the safe and economical operation of the boiler is guaranteed. The main work of this paper is as follows:. The present situation and development of the automatic control system and coal-fired boiler and the characteristics of the coal-fired boiler automatic control system before revamping are analyzed. The existing boiler automatic control scheme is analyzed and compared. Finally, PLC and upper computer control system are selected to transform the coal-fired boiler. According to the requirements of the cooperative enterprise. The overall design scheme and specific control strategy of the system reconstruction are put forward, and the fuzzy adaptive PID controller of boiler based on PLC is constructed by using fuzzy adaptive PID control algorithm. Finally, the fuzzy adaptive PID control of boiler based on PLC is realized. The automatic control system composed of PLC and host computer is constructed, and the processor and module are selected. I / O points are allocated to solve the problem of real-time communication between PLC and host computer. The PLC program is compiled to control the grate motor, blower inverter and induced fan inverter respectively. And write fault chain response program to ensure the system rapid response, smooth operation and timely discovery of problem-solving. The use of configuration software to develop interpersonal interface. Realize the real-time monitoring of the boiler. This paper finally realizes the automatic control of the boiler. After the system is put into use, the operation is very stable, creating a good working environment for the workers. For the enterprise to create economic benefits.
【学位授予单位】：河北科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TK223.7

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